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DNA nanotechnology, specifically, is an example of bottom-up molecular self-assembly, in which molecular components spontaneously organize into stable structures; the particular form of these structures is induced by the physical and chemical properties of the components selected by the designers. [19]
Molecular models are useful in the design of structures for DNA nanotechnology. Here, individual DNA tiles (model at left) self-assemble into a highly ordered DNA 2D-nanogrid (AFM image at right). There are various uses of DNA molecular modeling in Genomics and Biotechnology research applications, from DNA repair to PCR and DNA nanostructures ...
Single-stranded and double-stranded versions of these materials have been created using, for example, DNA, LNA, and RNA. One- and two-dimensional forms of nucleic acids (e.g., single strands, linear duplexes, and plasmids ) (Fig. 1) are important biological machinery for the storage and transmission of genetic information .
Optical mapping [1] is a technique for constructing ordered, genome-wide, high-resolution restriction maps from single, stained molecules of DNA, called "optical maps". By mapping the location of restriction enzyme sites along the unknown DNA of an organism, the spectrum of resulting DNA fragments collectively serves as a unique "fingerprint" or "barcode" for that sequence.
The method of DNA origami was developed by Paul Rothemund at the California Institute of Technology. [6] In contrast to common top-down fabrication methods such as 3D printing or lithography which involve depositing or removing material through a tool, DNA Nanotechnology, as well as DNA Origami as a subset, is a bottom-up fabrication method.
First PDF version of the Opensource Handbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Contains only the sections that are more than 25% finished. Please acknowledge the Opensource Handbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology if you use this material. The images also appears on the Commons/nanotechnology page
There are two distinctive mapping approaches used in the field of genome mapping: genetic maps (also known as linkage maps) [7] and physical maps. [3] While both maps are a collection of genetic markers and gene loci, [8] genetic maps' distances are based on the genetic linkage information, while physical maps use actual physical distances usually measured in number of base pairs.
Examples of molecular tweezers have been reported that are constructed from DNA and are considered DNA machines. [74] Nanocar: Single-molecule vehicles that resemble macroscopic automobiles and are important for understanding how to control molecular diffusion on surfaces. The image on the right shows an example with wheels made of fullerene ...