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Aeniania (Greek: Αἰνιανία) or Ainis (Greek: Αἰνίς) was a small district to the south of Thessaly (which it was sometimes considered part of). [2] The regions of Aeniania and Oetaea were closely linked, both occupying the valley of the Spercheios river, with Aeniania occupying the lower ground to the north, and Oetaea the higher ground south of the river.
People with no land had to leave Athens and settle in colonies in the west (Sicily and Italy) and east . By the end of the 7th century and beginning of 6th century BC, land concentration occurred and most lands were held by the nobility.
In 227, Cleomenes murdered five of the six Ephors (high magistrates) and resumed what Agis could not do – redistribution of land among all Spartiates capable of army service. He first handed over all his own land to the state; he was soon followed by his stepfather and his friends and the rest of the citizens.
The parts of Thessaly that remained in imperial hands after the Slavic invasions—apparently the Aegean coast and the area around the Pagasetic Gulf—came under the theme of Hellas. This was established between 687 and 695, and comprised the eastern coasts of mainland Greece, and possibly the Peloponnese, as well as Euboea and a few other ...
The Greek Middle Ages are coterminous with the duration of the Byzantine Empire (330–1453). [citation needed]After 395 the Roman Empire split in two. In the East, Greeks were the predominant national group and their language was the lingua franca of the region.
In general the law in ancient Greece and Rome was more creditor-friendly and "harsh and unyielding" towards debtors. [14] Throughout antiquity the cancellation of debts, alongside land redistribution, was the main rallying cry of the poor. [15]
The first attempted land reforms in the Roman Republic occurred in 486 BC under the consulship of Spurius Cassius Vecellinus, and Proculus Verginius Tricostus Rutilus. After winning a war against the Hernici to the south, the consul Cassius attempted to pass a bill granting two-thirds of the Hernicians' land to the plebs , and Latin allies ...
In Ancient Greece, a defeated people would sometimes found a colony, leaving their homes to escape the subjugation of a foreign enemy. Sometimes colonies formed as a result of civil disorder , where the losers in internecine battles left to form a new city elsewhere; sometimes they would form to relieve population pressure and thereby to avoid ...