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In programming languages, name binding is the association of entities (data and/or code) with identifiers. [1] An identifier bound to an object is said to reference that object. Machine languages have no built-in notion of identifiers, but name-object bindings as a service and notation for the programmer is implemented by programming languages.
In computer programming languages, an identifier is a lexical token (also called a symbol, but not to be confused with the symbol primitive data type) that names the language's entities. Some of the kinds of entities an identifier might denote include variables, data types, labels, subroutines, and modules.
Reverse domain name notation (or reverse-DNS) is a naming convention for components, packages, types or file names used by a programming language, system or framework. Reverse-DNS strings are based on registered domain names, with the order of the components reversed for grouping purposes.
An example of Python code and indentation Example of C# code with curly braces and semicolons Python is meant to be an easily readable language. Its formatting is visually uncluttered and often uses English keywords where other languages use punctuation.
The keys may be fixed-length, like an integer, or variable-length, like a name. In some cases, the key is the datum itself. The output is a hash code used to index a hash table holding the data or records, or pointers to them. A hash function may be considered to perform three functions:
By convention, this prefix is only used in cases when the identifier would otherwise be either a reserved keyword (such as for and while), which may not be used as an identifier without the prefix, or a contextual keyword (such as from and where), in which cases the prefix is not strictly required (at least not at its declaration; for example ...
For example, one could define a dictionary having a string "toast" mapped to the integer 42 or vice versa. The keys in a dictionary must be of an immutable Python type, such as an integer or a string, because under the hood they are implemented via a hash function. This makes for much faster lookup times, but requires keys not change.
All code belongs to a package, although that package need not be explicitly named. Code from other packages is accessed by prefixing the package name before the appropriate identifier, for example class String in package java.lang can be referred to as java.lang.String (this is known as the fully qualified class name).