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Calcium peroxide or calcium dioxide is the inorganic compound with the formula CaO 2. It is the peroxide (O 2 2−) salt of Ca 2+. Commercial samples can be yellowish, but the pure compound is white. It is almost insoluble in water. [3]
A carbon–oxygen bond is a polar covalent bond between atoms of carbon and oxygen. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] : 16–22 Carbon–oxygen bonds are found in many inorganic compounds such as carbon oxides and oxohalides , carbonates and metal carbonyls , [ 4 ] and in organic compounds such as alcohols , ethers , and carbonyl compounds .
The oxidation state of oxygen is −2 in almost all known compounds of oxygen. The oxidation state −1 is found in a few compounds such as peroxides. Compounds containing oxygen in other oxidation states are very uncommon: − 1 ⁄ 2 (superoxides), − 1 ⁄ 3 , 0 (elemental, hypofluorous acid), + 1 ⁄ 2 , +1 (dioxygen difluoride), and +2 ...
8, has been described as having a carbon oxidation state of − 8 / 3 . [19] Again, this is an average value since the structure of the molecule is H 3 C−CH 2 −CH 3, with the first and third carbon atoms each having an oxidation state of −3 and the central one −2.
One family of carbon oxides has the general formula C n O 2, or O=(C=) n O — namely, a linear chain of carbon atoms, capped by oxygen atoms at both ends. The first members are CO 2 or O=C=O, the well-known carbon dioxide. C 2 O 2 or O=C=C=O, the unknown and extremely unstable ethylene dione. [17]
Each hydrogen added to a molecule can be considered as a proton plus a one-electron reduction of the redox state, while each oxygen counts as a two-electron oxidation. Thus a net addition of H 2 O is a simple hydration with no net change in redox state and frequently occurs reversibly in aqueous solution.
The oxidation states are also maintained in articles of the elements (of course), and systematically in the table {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state}} See also [ edit ]
Organic redox reactions: the Birch reduction. Organic reductions or organic oxidations or organic redox reactions are redox reactions that take place with organic compounds.In organic chemistry oxidations and reductions are different from ordinary redox reactions, because many reactions carry the name but do not actually involve electron transfer. [1]