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Valve-sparing aortic root replacement (also known as the David procedure) is a cardiac surgery procedure which is used to treat Aortic aneurysms and to prevent Aortic dissection. [1] It involves replacement of the aortic root without replacement of the aortic valve .
A thoracic aortic aneurysm is an aortic aneurysm that presents primarily in the thorax. A thoracic aortic aneurysm is the "ballooning" of the upper aspect of the aorta, above the diaphragm. Untreated or unrecognized they can be fatal due to dissection or "popping" of the aneurysm leading to nearly instant death.
The most common cause is an abdominal aortic aneurysm that has ruptured spontaneously. Aortic rupture is distinct from aortic dissection, which is a tear through the inner wall of the aorta that can block the flow of blood through the aorta to the heart or abdominal organs.
Patients with aneurysms which have a diameter less than 5 cm are at <1% rupture risk per year. When the aneurysm meets size criteria it can be treated with aortic replacement or EVAR. Thoracic. Thoracic aortic aneurysms are contained in the chest. Aneurysms of the descending aorta can often be treated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair or ...
Thoracic aortic injury is the 2nd leading cause of death involving both blunt trauma. 80% of patients that have a thoracic aortic injury will die immediately. [4] Of the patients that do make it to be evaluated only 50% will survive 24 hours. [ 1 ]
Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a type of minimally-invasive endovascular surgery used to treat pathology of the aorta, most commonly an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). When used to treat thoracic aortic disease, the procedure is then specifically termed TEVAR for "thoracic endovascular aortic/aneurysm repair."
However, morbidity and mortality rates for surgical repair of the aorta for this condition are among the highest of any cardiovascular surgery. [3] For example, surgery is associated with a high rate of paraplegia , [ 11 ] because the spinal cord is very sensitive to ischemia (lack of blood supply), and the nerve tissue can be damaged or killed ...
Thoracic aortic aneurysms occur on the aorta as it passes through the chest cavity. These are less common than abdominal aneurysms. Small aneurysms generally pose no threat. However, aneurysms increase the risk for: [citation needed] Atherosclerotic plaques to form at the site of the aneurysm, which causes further weakening of the artery wall.