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Specific studies where there is an increase or decrease of playfulness or separation distress vocalizations in animals, comparing humans that exhibit the predicted increases or decreases in feelings of joy or sadness, the weight of evidence constructs a concrete neural hypothesis concerning the nature of affect supporting all relevant species.
Emotional triggers are most often sadness and grief, but crying can also be triggered by anger, happiness, fear, laughter or humor, frustration, remorse, or other strong, intense emotions. Emotional tears can also be triggered by listening to music [17] or by reading, watching or listening to various forms of media. Crying is often associated ...
Sorrow is more 'intense' than sadness, implies a long-term state [1] and suggests — unlike unhappiness — a degree of resignation. [ 2 ] Moreover, in terms of attitude, sorrow can be considered halfway between sadness (accepting) and distress (not accepting)".
Tail tucked between legs – expresses fear, anxiety, or nervousness; can also be a ritualized pacifying signal to fend off aggression from another dog. The expression tail between one's legs is used in English about people too. [1]: 167 Tail fast wagging – excitement. [1]: 171 Slight tail wag, each swing of only a small size – greeting.
Zugunruhe is borrowed from German; it is a German compound word consisting of Zug, "move, migration," and unruhe (anxiety, restlessness). The word was first published in 1707, when it was used to describe the "inborn migratory urge" in captive migrants.
A later writer, Edward Topsell, provided a different explanation for the tears, saying, "There are not many brute beasts that can weep, but such is the nature of the crocodile that, to get a man within his danger, he will sob, sigh, and weep as though he were in extremity, but suddenly he destroyeth him."
In general, accurately assessing the body language of dogs is quite beneficial as it allows humans to react appropriately to emotions and intentions of the dog. [1] Thus, it fosters successful companionship between the dog owner and pet. Alternatively, ignoring the body language of dogs can pose as a threat for not only humans, but for dogs too.
In contrast, Darwin's biological approach links emotions to their origins in animal behaviour, allowing cultural factors only an auxiliary role in shaping the expression of emotion. This biological emphasis highlights six different emotional states: happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust.