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The main camp (German: Stammlager) was Auschwitz I. Auschwitz II, or Birkenau, was a concentration and extermination camp, and became the most notorious of the camps. Auschwitz III, or Monowitz, was a labour camp. In addition to the three largest camps, Auschwitz consisted of several subcamps. The satellite camps were named Aussenlager ...
According to the Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, there were 23 main concentration camps (German: Stammlager), of which most had a system of satellite camps. [1] Including the satellite camps, the total number of Nazi concentration camps that existed at one point in time is at least a thousand, although these did not all exist at the same time.
The Nazis had no plan for concentration camps prior to their seizure of power. [11] The concentration camp system arose in the following months due to the desire to suppress tens of thousands of Nazi opponents in Germany. The Reichstag fire in February 1933 was the pretext for mass arrests.
Aktion Arbeitsscheu Reich was a punitive campaign in Nazi Germany targeting individuals deemed as "work-shy" or "asocial." In April and June 1938, as part of the "Arbeitsscheu Reich" (work-shy Reich), more than 10,000 men were arrested as so-called "black triangle anti-social elements" and sent to concentration camps.
Location of notable Mauthausen sub-camps Ebensee prisoners This is a list of subcamps of the Mauthausen concentration camp . The slave labour of the inmates was also used by a variety of companies and farms that accommodated a small number of inmates on their own.
Early Camps, Youth Camps, and Concentration Camps and Subcamps under the SS-Business Administration Main Office (WVHA). Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945. Vol. 1. Translated by Pallavicini, Stephen. Bloomington: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 699– 701. ISBN 978-0-253-35328-3.
The Nazis also operated concentration camps, some of which provided free forced labor for industrial and other jobs while others existed purely for the extermination of their inmates. A notable example is Mittelbau-Dora labor camp complex that serviced the production of the V-2 rocket. See List of German concentration camps for more.
Concentration camp inmates are transferred to Oranienburg to begin construction on Sachsenhausen concentration camp. [28] 1 August 1936 The 1936 Summer Olympics open in Berlin, leading to a temporary abatement in open anti-Semitism. [27] 28 August 1936 Mass arrests of Jehovah's Witnesses begin. [27] 7 October 1936
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