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Charles Martel (/ m ɑːr ˈ t ɛ l /; c. 688 – 22 October 741), [3] Martel being a sobriquet in Old French for "The Hammer", was a Frankish political and military leader who, as Duke and Prince of the Franks and Mayor of the Palace, was the de facto ruler of the Franks from 718 until his death.
The Age of Charles Martel. Pearson Education. ISBN 0-582-06476-7; Gibbon, Edward The Battle of Tours [permanent dead link ], The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire; Grant, Michael History of Rome; Grunebaum, Gustave von (2005). Classical Islam: A History, 600 A.D. to 1258 A.D. Aldine Transaction. ISBN 0-202-30767-0; Hanson ...
Charles Martel died of the plague in Naples. His son, Charles (or Charles Robert), later succeeded in winning the throne of Hungary. [2] Charles was known personally to Dante: in the Divine Comedy, the poet speaks warmly of and to Charles's spirit when they meet in the Heaven of Venus (in Paradiso VIII–IX).
Radbod (died 719) was the king (or duke) of Frisia from c. 680 until his death. He is often considered the last independent ruler of Frisia before Frankish domination. He defeated Charles Martel at Cologne.
[1] [2] [3] The battle, which took place at the mouth of the River Berre (now in the Département of Aude), was a significant victory for Charles Martel in the military campaigns of 736–737. [1] [2] [3] During this period, Martel effectively prevented greater Umayyad expansion beyond the Pyrénées.
Outside of Cologne, held by Plectrude, an ill-prepared Charles Martel was defeated by Radbod, and forced to flee to the mountains of the Eifel. Cologne fell after a short siege to King Chilperic and the Neustrians. The Neustrians compelled Plectrude to acknowledge as king Chilperic, the son of Childeric II, having taken this Merovingian from ...
After the battle of Soissons (718) Neustria and Austrasia were reunited under Mayor of the Palace Charles Martel and nominal king Chilperic II. It is not certain who the successor of Redbad was. It is believed that there were troubles with the succession, because the Frankish opponent Charles Martel easily invaded Frisia and subjugated the ...
The Charles Martel Group (French: Groupe Charles-Martel, also Club Charles-Martel, Cercle Charles-Martel, Commando Charles-Martel) was a French far-right anti-Arab terrorist organization which operated in the 1970s and 1980s.