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Ali ibn Abi Talib (Arabic: عَلِيُّ بْن أَبِي طَالِب, romanized: ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib; c. 600–661 CE) was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and was the fourth Rashidun caliph who ruled from 656 CE to 661, as well as the first Shia imam.
During his rule, Ali found a loyal following who regarded him as the best of Muslims after Muhammad and the only one entitled to the caliphate. Nevertheless, this following remained a minority. [34] [53] Instead, what united Kufans after Ali was their opposition to Syrian domination, [54] or the highhanded rule of his archenemy Mu'awiya. [34]
Their challenges were taken up by Hamza ibn Abdul Muttalib (the uncle of Muhammad and Ali), Ubaydah ibn al-Harith (a cousin of Muhammad and Ali), and Ali ibn Abi Talib. Ali's duel against Walid ibn Utba, one of Mecca's fiercest warriors, was the first of the three one-on-one duels. After a few amazing blows were exchanged, Walid was killed.
Ali ibn Abi Talib was acclaimed in 656 CE as the fourth caliph after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.Following the 656 assassination of the third caliph Uthman in Medina by provincial rebels who had grievances about injustice and corruption, the prophet's cousin and son-in-law was elected to the caliphate by the rebels, the Ansar (early Medinan Muslims), and the Muhajirun (early ...
The Islamicist Laura Veccia Vaglieri (d. 1989) describes Ali as deeply devoted to the cause of Islam, [1] and her view is echoed by some others. [2] [3] The brief caliphate of Ali was thus characterized by his strict justice, as suggested by some authors, including Reza Shah-Kazemi, [4] Wilferd Madelung, [3] Moojan Momen, [2] Mahmoud M. Ayoub (d.
Ali ibn Abi Talib, the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, played a pivotal role in the formative early years of Islam. [1] Later, after the death of Muhammad in 632 CE, through his numerous sayings and writings, [2] Ali helped establish a range of Islamic sciences, including Quranic exegesis, theology, jurisprudence, rhetoric (balagha), and Arabic grammar. [3]
Birth of Husayn ibn Ali, the third Shia Imam. Expedition of Banu Mustaliq. [1] 627 Battle of the Trench: Ali ibn Abi Talib triumphed in combat over Arabs' hero, Amr ibn Wodd, and killed him. [1] Killing and enslavement of Banu Quraiza. [1] 628 Treaty of Hudaybiyyah [1] Battle of Khaybar: Ali was the standard-bearer and conqueror of the Khaybar ...
The Alids are those who claim descent from Ali ibn Abi Talib (Arabic: عَلِيّ بْن أَبِي طَالِب; c. 600–661 CE), the fourth Rashidun caliph (r. 656–661) and the first imam in Shia Islam. Ali was also the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.