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With a modifier, it may refer to a branch or division of the profession: as, for instance, the tort bar—lawyers who specialize in filing civil suits for damages. In conjunction with bench, bar may differentiate lawyers who represent clients (the bar) from judges or members of a judiciary . In this sense, the bar advocates and the bench ...
The term "full bench" is used when all the judges of a certain court sit together to hear a case, as in the phrase "before the full bench", which is also referred to as en banc. [ 3 ] The historical roots of the term come from judges formerly having sat on long seats or benches (freestanding or against a wall) when presiding over a court . [ 2 ]
The bar may be an actual railing, or an imaginary barrier. The bailiff stands (or sits) against one wall and keeps order in the courtroom. On one side is the judge's bench, the tables for the plaintiff, the defendant, and their respective counsel, and a separate group of seats known as the jury box where the jury sits.
A bar association is a professional association of lawyers as generally organized in countries following the Anglo-American types of jurisprudence. [1] The word bar is derived from the old English/European custom of using a physical railing (bar) to separate the area in which court or legal profession business is done from the viewing area for the general public or students of the law.
A bench trial is a trial by judge, as opposed to a jury. [1] The term applies most appropriately to any administrative hearing in relation to a summary offense to distinguish the type of trial. Many legal systems ( Roman , Islamic ) use bench trials for most or all cases or for certain types of cases.
In the United States, the sidebar is an area in a courtroom near the judge's bench where lawyers may be called to speak with the judge so that the jury cannot hear the conversation or they may speak off the record. Lawyers make a formal request by stating, "May I approach the bench?" or, simply, "May I approach?" to initiate a sidebar conference.
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Advocates at the bar table (layout of a typical magistrates' court in England) A bar table is a table in a common law courtroom at which advocates sit or stand. [1] It is generally situated between the Bench and the well of the court, where the public sit. Advocates such as barristers sit facing the Bench with their backs to the well. Usually ...