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Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red and/or flesh-colored, raised, itchy bumps. [1] Hives may burn or sting. [2] The patches of rash may appear on different body parts, [2] with variable duration from minutes to days, and do not leave any long-lasting skin change. [2]
Physical urticaria is a distinct subgroup of urticaria (hives) that are induced by an exogenous physical stimulus rather than occurring spontaneously. [1] There are seven subcategories that are recognized as independent diseases. [2] [3] Physical urticaria is known to be painful, itchy and physically unappealing; it can recur for months to ...
Dermatographic urticaria is sometimes called "skin writing", as it is possible to mark deliberate patterns onto the skin. The condition manifests as an allergic-like reaction, causing a warm red wheal to appear on the skin. As it is often the result of scratches, involving contact with other materials, it can be confused with an allergic ...
However, the understanding of urticaria as an autoimmune condition is a relatively recent development in medical history. [14] The term autoimmune urticaria refers to a subset of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) cases where the immune system appears to play a significant role. This understanding began to evolve in the mid to late 20th ...
Delayed pressure urticaria is known as one of the more painful subsets of physical urticaria due to formed hives being deep-seated and appearing after 4–6 hours. [1]
One of the most prevalent forms of adverse drug reactions is cutaneous reactions, [1] with drug-induced urticaria ranking as the second most common type, preceded by drug-induced exanthems. [2] Urticaria, commonly known as hives , manifests as weals, itching, burning, redness, swelling, and angioedema —a rapid swelling of lower skin layers ...
Allergy blood tests are very safe since the person is not exposed to any allergens during the testing procedure. After the onset of anaphylaxis or a severe allergic reaction, guidelines recommend emergency departments obtain a time-sensitive blood test to determine blood tryptase levels and assess for mast cell activation. [117]
Several theories have been put forth, however the pathophysiology of pressure urticaria is unknown. [3] Although there isn't an obvious early cutaneous reaction, the time of the reaction following the application of pressure to the skin, the shape of the lesions, and the infiltrating cells observed on histopathologic examination are indicative of a late-phase reaction. [5]