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DNA replication also works by using a DNA template, the DNA double helix unwinds during replication, exposing unpaired bases for new nucleotides to hydrogen bond to. Gene synthesis, however, does not require a DNA template and genes are assembled de novo. DNA synthesis occurs in all eukaryotes and prokaryotes, as well as some viruses. The ...
Biosynthesis, i.e., chemical synthesis occurring in biological contexts, is a term most often referring to multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed processes where chemical substances absorbed as nutrients (or previously converted through biosynthesis) serve as enzyme substrates, with conversion by the living organism either into simpler or more complex ...
Multiple DNA polymerases take on different roles in the DNA replication process. In E. coli, DNA Pol III is the polymerase enzyme primarily responsible for DNA replication. It assembles into a replication complex at the replication fork that exhibits extremely high processivity, remaining intact for the entire replication cycle.
Nucleic acid metabolism is a collective term that refers to the variety of chemical reactions by which nucleic acids (DNA and/or RNA) are either synthesized or degraded.. Nucleic acids are polymers (so-called "biopolymers") made up of a variety of monomers called nucleo
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Thymidylate synthase (TS) plays a crucial role in the early stages of DNA biosynthesis. [11] DNA damage or deletion occur on a daily basis as a result of both endogenous and environmental factors. Such environmental factors include ultraviolet damage and cigarette smoke that contain a variety of carcinogens. [12] Therefore, synthesis and ...
It comprises two main steps, the first of which is solid-phase DNA synthesis, sometimes known as DNA printing. [1] This produces oligonucleotide fragments that are generally under 200 base pairs. The second step then involves connecting these oligonucleotide fragments using various DNA assembly methods.
Protein biosynthesis, the multi-step biochemical synthesis of proteins (long peptides) DNA synthesis, several biochemical processes for making DNA DNA replication, DNA biosynthesis in vivo; Synthesis (cell cycle) RNA synthesis, the synthesis of RNA from nucleic acids, using another nucleic acid chain as a template