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Combination antibiotic therapy is often used in such situations. The treatment regimen is selected based on local resistance data and the susceptibility profile of the specific infecting organism(s). [15] During the course of antibiotic treatment, serial white blood cell count and temperature are closely monitored.
For acute cystitis and pyelonephritis in pregnant women, empiric antibiotic treatment is often initiated. Commonly used antibiotics for uncomplicated cystitis include amoxicillin-clavulanate and fosfomycin, while parenteral beta-lactams are preferred for acute pyelonephritis. These options are chosen because they are considered safer in ...
P. aeruginosa is able to selectively inhibit various antibiotics from penetrating its outer membrane - and has high resistance to several antibiotics. According to the World Health Organization P. aeruginosa poses one of the greatest threats to humans in terms of antibiotic resistance. [3]
Fosfomycin can be used as an efficacious treatment for both UTIs and complicated UTIs including acute pyelonephritis. The standard regimen for complicated UTIs is an oral 3 g dose administered once every 48 or 72 hours for a total of 3 doses or a 6 g dose every 8 hours for 7–14 days when fosfomycin is given in IV form.
Pyelonephritis is treated more aggressively than a simple bladder infection using either a longer course of oral antibiotics or intravenous antibiotics. [3] Seven days of the oral fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin is typically used in areas where the resistance rate is less than 10%.
The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in February 2024. [1]In January 2024, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Exblifep, intended for the treatment of urinary tract infections and pneumonia in adults. [2]
In March 2024, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Emblaveo, intended for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections, hospital-acquired pneumonia and infections due to aerobic Gram-negative ...
In the United States it is also indicated for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections including pyelonephritis. [5] [7] [10] It is a potential effective alternative treatment for ceftriaxone-resistant gonorrhoea. [11] [12] It is given as an intravenous infusion or intramuscular injection. The drug is not approved for children ...