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The rock dove, rock pigeon, or common pigeon (/ ˈ p ɪ dʒ. ə n / also / ˈ p ɪ dʒ. ɪ n /; Columba livia) is a member of the bird family Columbidae (doves and pigeons). [3]: 624 In common usage, it is often simply referred to as the "pigeon", although this is the wild form of the bird; the pigeons most familiar to people are the domesticated form of the wild rock dove.
The domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica or Columba livia forma domestica) [2] is a pigeon subspecies that was derived from the rock dove or rock pigeon. The rock pigeon is the world's oldest domesticated bird. Mesopotamian cuneiform tablets mention the domestication of pigeons more than 5,000 years ago, as do Egyptian hieroglyphics.
The three Western European Columba pigeons, common wood pigeon, stock dove and rock dove, though superficially alike, have very distinctive characteristics; the common wood pigeon may be identified at once by its larger size at 38–44.5 cm (15– 17 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) and weight 300–615 g (10 + 5 ⁄ 8 – 21 + 3 ⁄ 4 oz), and the white on its ...
Feral pigeons (Columba livia domestica or Columba livia forma urbana), also called city doves, city pigeons, or street pigeons, [1] [2] are descendants of domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) that have returned to the wild. [3] The domestic pigeon was originally bred from the wild rock dove, which naturally inhabits sea-cliffs and ...
Tumbler pigeons are varieties of domesticated pigeons that are descendants of the rock dove that have been selected for their ability to tumble or roll over backwards in flight. This ability has been known in domesticated breeds of pigeons for centuries.
Fancy pigeon refers to any breed of domestic pigeon, which is a domesticated form of the wild rock dove (Columba livia).They are bred by pigeon fanciers for various traits relating to size, shape, color, and behavior, [1] and often exhibited at pigeon shows, fairs and other livestock exhibits.
The International Ornithological Committee (IOC) recognizes 352 species in family Columbidae, the pigeons and doves. They are distributed among 50 genera. They are distributed among 50 genera. This list is presented according to the IOC taxonomic sequence and can also be sorted alphabetically by common name and binomial.
Darwin compared the dimensions of the breed to the rock dove, showing the length of the Carrier to be nearly double that of the rock dove. It was also found that the English Carrier could open its mouth wider than the rock dove, 0.75 inches (1.9 cm) as compared to 0.4 inches (1.0 cm). [5]