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Untranslated region. The flow of genetic information within a cell. DNA is initially transcribed into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The mRNA is then translated into a protein. (See Central dogma of molecular biology.) In molecular genetics, an untranslated region (or UTR) refers to either of two sections, one on each side of a coding ...
Seed dispersal. Appearance. In spermatophyte plants, seed dispersal is the movement, spread or transport of seeds away from the parent plant. [ 1 ] Plants have limited mobility and rely upon a variety of dispersal vectors to transport their seeds, including both abiotic vectors, such as the wind, and living (biotic) vectors such as birds.
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
3' untranslated region (3'-UTR). Also three-prime untranslated region, 3' non-translated region (3'-NTR), and trailer sequence.. 3'-end. Also three-prime end.. One of two ends of a single linear strand of DNA or RNA, specifically the end at which the chain of nucleotides terminates at the third carbon atom in the furanose ring of deoxyribose or ribose (i.e. the terminus at which the 3' carbon ...
A taxis (from Ancient Greek τάξις (táxis) 'arrangement, order'; [1] pl.: taxes / ˈtæksiːz /) [2][3][4] is the movement of an organism in response to a stimulus such as light or the presence of food. Taxes are innate behavioural responses. A taxis differs from a tropism (turning response, often growth towards or away from a stimulus) in ...
Exocytosis (/ ˌɛksoʊsaɪˈtoʊsɪs / [1][2]) is a form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (e.g., neurotransmitters and proteins) out of the cell (exo- + cytosis). As an active transport mechanism, exocytosis requires the use of energy to transport material. Exocytosis and its counterpart, endocytosis ...
Active transport. In cellular biology, active is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration —against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement. There are two types of active transport: primary active ...
A subfield of genetics and evolutionary biology that studies genetic differences within and between populations of organisms. position effect. Any effect on the expression or functionality of a gene or sequence that is a consequence of its location or position within a chromosome or other DNA molecule.