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Flicker (screen) Flicker is a visible change in brightness between cycles displayed on video displays. It applies to the refresh interval on cathode ray tube (CRT) televisions and computer monitors, as well as plasma computer displays and televisions.
A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals combined with polarizers. Liquid crystals do not emit light directly [1] but instead use a backlight or reflector to produce images in color or monochrome.
Image persistence, or image retention, is the LCD and plasma display equivalent of screen burn-in. Unlike screen burn, the effects are usually temporary and often not visible without close inspection. Plasma displays experiencing severe image persistence can result in screen burn-in instead. Image persistence can occur as easily as having ...
Backlight. A backlight is a form of illumination used in liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) that provides illumination from the back or side of a display panel. LCDs do not produce light by themselves, so they need illumination (ambient light or a special light source) to produce a visible image. Backlights are often used in smartphones, computer ...
LCDs have a constant (backlit) image, where the intensity is varied by blocking the light shining through the panel. CRTs use an electron beam, scanning the display, flashing a lit image. If interlacing is used, a single full-resolution image results in two "flashes".
The twisted nematic effect (TN-effect) was a major technological breakthrough that made the manufacture of large, thin liquid crystal displays practical and cost competitive. Unlike earlier flat-panel displays, TN-cells did not require a current to flow for operation and used low operating voltages suitable for use with batteries.
Refresh rate. The refresh rate, also known as vertical refresh rate or vertical scan rate in reference to terminology originating with the cathode-ray tubes (CRTs), is the number of times per second that a raster-based display device displays a new image. This is independent from frame rate, which describes how many images are stored or ...
The LCD grid can mask effects of spatial and grayscale quantization, creating the illusion of higher image quality. [57] Is the cheapest display technology currently produced, with some entry-level models selling for less than $100. Screen-door effects are more noticeable than LCD when up close, or on larger sizes. [58]