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  2. Sensitivity and specificity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity

    Medical usage. In medical diagnosis, test sensitivity is the ability of a test to correctly identify those with the disease (true positive rate), whereas test specificity is the ability of the test to correctly identify those without the disease (true negative rate). If 100 patients known to have a disease were tested, and 43 test positive ...

  3. Natural rubber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_rubber

    Rubber is a natural polymer of isoprene (polyisoprene), and an elastomer (a stretchy polymer). Polymers are simply chains of molecules that can be linked together. Rubber is one of the few naturally occurring polymers and prized for its high stretch ratio, resilience, and water-proof properties.

  4. Likelihood ratios in diagnostic testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likelihood_ratios_in...

    In evidence-based medicine, likelihood ratios are used for assessing the value of performing a diagnostic test. They use the sensitivity and specificity of the test to determine whether a test result usefully changes the probability that a condition (such as a disease state) exists. The first description of the use of likelihood ratios for ...

  5. Evaluation of binary classifiers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation_of_binary...

    The relationship between sensitivity and specificity, as well as the performance of the classifier, can be visualized and studied using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. In theory, sensitivity and specificity are independent in the sense that it is possible to achieve 100% in both (such as in the red/blue ball example given above).

  6. Youden's J statistic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youden's_J_statistic

    Definition. Youden's J statistic is. with the two right-hand quantities being sensitivity and specificity. Thus the expanded formula is: The index was suggested by W. J. Youden in 1950 [1] as a way of summarising the performance of a diagnostic test; however, the formula was earlier published in Science by C. S. Pierce in 1884. [2] Its value ...

  7. Diagnostic odds ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_odds_ratio

    Diagnostic odds ratio. In medical testing with binary classification, the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) is a measure of the effectiveness of a diagnostic test. [1] It is defined as the ratio of the odds of the test being positive if the subject has a disease relative to the odds of the test being positive if the subject does not have the disease.

  8. Receiver operating characteristic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receiver_operating...

    The true-positive rate is also known as sensitivity, recall or probability of detection. [1] The false-positive rate is also known as the probability of false alarm [1] and equals (1 − specificity). The ROC is also known as a relative operating characteristic curve, because it is a comparison of two operating characteristics (TPR and FPR) as ...

  9. Rubber elasticity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubber_elasticity

    In natural rubber, each cross-link produces a network node with four chains emanating from it. It is the network that gives rise to these elastic properties. Because of the enormous economic and technological importance of rubber, predicting how a molecular network responds to mechanical strains has been of enduring interest to scientists and ...