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2. Hand pump - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_pump

   VLOM, meaning Village Level Operation and Maintenance, is a term first used during the UNDP and World Bank Rural Water Supply Hand Pumps Project. This project lasted from 1981 to 1991, and studied the availability and maintenance of hand pump systems. 40 kinds of hand pumps were analyzed in laboratories, and the performance of 2700 hand pumps ...

3. India Mark II - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India_Mark_II

   A typical Mark II hand pump in India. The pump was designed in the 1970s in a joint effort between the Government of India, UNICEF, and The World Health Organization (WHO) to address the severe drought and a water shortage affecting India during that period and to prevent evacuation of villages to refugee camps. Prior to the pump's design, poor ...

4. Village-level operation and maintenance (pumps) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Village-level_operation...

   During the first UN decade on water boreholes, hand-dug wells and tubewells were constructed and water pumps were provided to developing countries by various NGOs. Unfortunately this top down approach led to the installation of pumps, notable the India Mark II, that were difficult to maintain. VLOM pumps were designed to allow remote villages ...

5. Water pumping - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pumping

   The pumping of water is a basic and practical technique, far more practical than scooping it up with one's hands or lifting it in a hand-held bucket. This is true whether the water is drawn from a fresh source , moved to a needed location, purified , or used for irrigation , washing, or sewage treatment , or for evacuating water from an ...

6. Pump - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pump

   Now reciprocating pumps typically pump highly viscous fluids like concrete and heavy oils, and serve in special applications that demand low flow rates against high resistance. Reciprocating hand pumps were widely used to pump water from wells. Common bicycle pumps and foot pumps for inflation use reciprocating action.

7. 50 Inventions From The Past That Were Amazingly Innovative - AOL

   www.aol.com/98-historical-inventions-were-ahead...

   The device is a wooden box with a complex system of gears and a hand crank. Analysis on the device showed that it dates back to the 1st or 2nd centuries BCE. ... This vessel would then pump water ...