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[95] [96] However, cold waves are also common, caused by the channeling by the Andes of cold air from the south, making for frequent cold fronts during the winter months and bringing temperatures that can fall below freezing, [97] [98] and occasionally below −10 to −30 °C (14 to −22 °F) at higher altitudes.
In the rare cases when cold fronts move northwards from the south , the cold air masses are not moderated by the surrounding oceans, resulting in very cold temperatures throughout the region. [109] In general, the passage of cold fronts is more common in the south than in the north, and occurs more in winter than in summer. [109]
Mean temperatures have increased by 0.5 °C (0.90 °F) from 1901–2012, which is slightly lower than the global average. [1] Temperatures in the Andean part of Patagonia have increased by more than 1 °C (1.80 °F), which has caused the retreat of almost all of the glaciers.
Since the saturation vapor pressure is proportional to temperature, cold air has a lower saturation point than warm air. The difference between these values is the basis for the formation of clouds. When saturated air cools, it can no longer contain the same amount of water vapor.
Central Argentina has hot summers with tornadoes and thunderstorms (in western Argentina producing some of the world's largest hail), and cool winters. The southern regions have warm summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall, especially in mountainous zones. Higher elevations at all latitudes experience cooler conditions.
Typically, air temperature rises throughout the day and peaks in the afternoon. But on a Miami summer night, the air temperature might drop to the low 80s but humidity and the amount of water in ...
Arctic, Antarctic, and polar air masses are cold. The qualities of arctic air are developed over ice and snow-covered ground. Arctic air is deeply cold, colder than polar air masses. Arctic air can be shallow in the summer, and rapidly modify as it moves equatorward. [8] Polar air masses develop over higher latitudes over the land or ocean, are ...
"As the moist, warmer air overrides this entrenched cold air at the surfaces, there will be a threat for freezing rain and icy conditions Monday into Monday night across parts of upstate New York ...