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The Bonus Army was a group of 43,000 demonstrators – 17,000 veterans of U.S. involvement in World War I, their families, and affiliated groups – who gathered in Washington, D.C., in mid-1932 to demand early cash redemption of their service bonus certificates.
The act awarded veterans additional pay in various forms, with only limited payments available in the short term. The value of each veteran's "credit" was based on each recipient's service in the United States Armed Forces between April 5, 1917, and July 1, 1919, with $1.00 awarded for each day served in the United States and $1.25 for each day served abroad.
The United States Department of the Army offers a variety of awards, decorations and incentive programs to honor and recognize the contribution and efforts of its civilian workforce. Department of the Army civilian awards are governed by Army Regulation 672–20 Decorations, Awards, and Honors Incentive Awards.
The medal was established as the Meritorious Civilian Service Award by directive of the Secretary of the Army on 26 January 1959. In November 2014, the Secretary of the Army approved a modification to the Department of the Army Civilian Service Medals in order to make their nomenclature more consistent with their military equivalents.
U.S. Army Symbols and Insignia; The Institute of Heraldry, U.S. Army; U.S. Navy Service and Campaign Medals; Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia (in PDF format) Military Awards (U.S. Army)(in PDF format) Archived 7 December 2003 at the Wayback Machine; SGM (USA, Ret.) Gregory A. Noller (1995). "ADVA Army Awards". Americal Division ...
Cox's Army: A march of 25,000 unemployed Pennsylvanians to encourage Congress to start a public works program. 1932 May–July Bonus Army: March by 20,000 World War I veterans and their families seeking advance payment of bonuses from the Hoover administration; two killed. 1939 April 9 Marian Anderson concert 75,000 estimated attendance.
The reverse of the medal is inscribed “DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY CIVILIAN SERVICE COMMENDATION” at top and contains two crossed laurel branches at bottom. The medal is suspended from a ribbon 1 3/8 inches in width consisting of the following vertical stripes: 1/16” Green, 1/8” White, 5/16” Green, 1/32” White, 5/16” Green, 1/32 ...
The Economy Act of 1933, officially titled the Act of March 20, 1933 (ch. 3, Pub. L. 73–2, 48 Stat. 8, enacted March 20, 1933, is an Act of Congress that cut the salaries of federal workers and reduced benefit payments to veterans, moves intended to reduce the federal deficit in the United States.