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The history of the Haber process begins with the invention of the Haber process at the dawn of the twentieth century. The process allows the economical fixation of atmospheric dinitrogen in the form of ammonia, which in turn allows for the industrial synthesis of various explosives and nitrogen fertilizers, and is probably the most important industrial process developed during the twentieth ...
Fritz Haber (German: [ˈfʁɪt͡s ˈhaːbɐ] ⓘ; 9 December 1868 – 29 January 1934) was a German chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his invention of the Haber process, a method used in industry to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas.
The Haber process, [1] also called the Haber–Bosch process, is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It converts atmospheric nitrogen (N 2 ) to ammonia (NH 3 ) by a reaction with hydrogen (H 2 ) using finely divided iron metal as a catalyst:
Carl Bosch (German pronunciation: [kaʁl ˈbɔʃ] ⓘ; 27 August 1874 – 26 April 1940) was a German chemist and engineer and Nobel Laureate in Chemistry. [2] He was a pioneer in the field of high-pressure industrial chemistry and founder of IG Farben, at one point the world's largest chemical company.
The Haber-Bosch Process: 34 Radar: 35 Batteries: 36 Plastic: VI. The Visible Hand: 37 The Bank: 38 Razors and Blades: 39 Tax Havens: 40 Leaded Petrol: 41 Antibiotics in Farming: 42 M-Pesa: 43 Property Registers: VII. Inventing the Wheel: 44 Paper: 45 Index Funds: 46 The S-bend: 47 Paper Money: 48 Concrete: 49 Insurance: Epilogue: 50 Lightbulb
1900s: Haber process by Carl Bosch and Fritz Haber [133] 1902: Ostwald process by Wilhelm Ostwald [162] 1903: First commercially decaffeination process by Ludwig Roselius [163] 1907: Thiele tube by Johannes Thiele [164] 1913: Coal liquefaction (Bergius process) by Friedrich Bergius [165] [166] 1913: Identification of protactinium by Oswald ...
Clara Helene Immerwahr (German pronunciation: [ˈklaːʁa heˈleːnə ˈʔɪmɐvaːɐ̯]; 21 June 1870 – 2 May 1915) was a German chemist. [1] She was the first German woman to be awarded a doctorate in chemistry from the University of Breslau, and is credited with being a pacifist as well as a "heroine of the women's rights movement". [2]
1784 – The invention of the Lavoisier Meusnier iron-steam process, [1] generating hydrogen by passing water vapor over a bed of red-hot iron at 600 °C. [2] 1785 – Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier builds the hybrid Rozière balloon. 1787 – Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau and others give hydrogen its name (Gk: hydro = water, -genes = born ...