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The judges (sing.Hebrew: שופט, romanized: šop̄ēṭ, pl. שופטים šop̄əṭīm) whose stories are recounted in the Hebrew Bible, primarily in the Book of Judges, were individuals who served as military leaders of the tribes of Israel in times of crisis, in the period before the monarchy was established.
The Book of Judges (Hebrew: ספר שופטים, romanized: Sefer Shoftim; Greek: Κριταί; Latin: Liber Iudicum) is the seventh book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. In the narrative of the Hebrew Bible, it covers the time between the conquest described in the Book of Joshua and the establishment of a kingdom in the ...
Samuel is portrayed as a judge who leads the military, as the judges in the Book of Judges, and also who exercises judicial functions. In 1 Sam 12:6–17, a speech of Samuel that portrays him as the judge sent by God to save Israel may have been composed by the Deuteronomists. [41] In 1 Samuel 9:6–20, Samuel is seen as a local "seer".
Elon (Hebrew: אֵילֹן ʼĒlōn, "oak") was a leader (judge) of the ancient Israelites according to the biblical Book of Judges. Elon appears in Judges 12:11–12. He was a member of the Tribe of Zebulun who served as a judge of Israel for ten years. He was preceded by Ibzan and succeeded by Abdon.
Deborah portrayed in Gustave Doré's illustrations for La Grande Bible de Tours (1865) The Song of Deborah is found in Judges 5:2–31 and is a victory hymn, sung by Deborah and Barak, about the defeat of Canaanite adversaries by some of the tribes of Israel. The song itself differs slightly from the events described in Judges 4.
However, in the Hebrew Bible, the same word for 'burnt offering' (Hebrew, ʿōlāh) used in reference to Jephthah and his daughter in Judges 11:31 is also used in other Biblical stories alluding to human sacrifice, such as the story of Abraham and Isaac (Genesis 22) and Mesha of Moab and his son (2 Kings 3:27).
Shamgar, son of Anath (Hebrew: שַׁמְגַּר Šamgar), is the name of one or possibly two individuals named in the Book of Judges.The name occurs twice: at the first mention, Shamgar is identified as a man who repelled Philistine incursions into Israelite regions, and slaughtered 600 of the invaders with an ox goad (Judges 3:31); [1]
The Hebrew Bible refers to Othniel as "Othniel the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb". [2] The expression is inconclusive in Hebrew, and has been taken to mean either that Othniel himself was the brother of Caleb, or that Othniel's father Kenaz was the brother of Caleb.