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Fractionation is a separation process in which a certain quantity of a mixture (of gasses, solids, liquids, enzymes, or isotopes, or a suspension) is divided during a phase transition, into a number of smaller quantities in which the composition varies according to a gradient.
A natural-gas processing plant in Aderklaa, Austria. Natural-gas processing is a range of industrial processes designed to purify raw natural gas by removing contaminants such as solids, water, carbon dioxide (CO 2), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), mercury and higher molecular mass hydrocarbons to produce pipeline quality dry natural gas [1] for pipeline distribution and final use. [2]
Fractional distillation is the most common form of separation technology used in petroleum refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants, natural gas processing and cryogenic air separation plants. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] In most cases, the distillation is operated at a continuous steady state .
[1] [2] Fractionating columns are widely used in chemical process industries where large quantities of liquids have to be distilled. [3] [4] [5] Such industries are petroleum processing, petrochemical production, natural gas processing, coal tar processing, brewing, liquefied air separation, and hydrocarbon solvents production.
Phase 1 of the plant was commissioned in the mid-1980s, and its infrastructure was designed for receiving natural gas along with associated condensate from the Mumbai High Off-shore Field. [1] Once the condensate is separated and treated in condensate fractionation units, the gas undergoes several stages to extract liquefied petroleum gas and ...
Hydraulic fracturing [a] is a well stimulation technique involving the fracturing of formations in bedrock by a pressurized liquid. The process involves the high-pressure injection of "fracking fluid" (primarily water, containing sand or other proppants suspended with the aid of thickening agents) into a wellbore to create cracks in the deep rock formations through which natural gas, petroleum ...
The gas is routed to two turbo-expanders in series which chills the gas and condenses out the natural gas liquids, the product is mainly methane. NGL goes to the deethanizer fractionation column which removes ethane, this is mixed with the methane and is supplied to the National Transmission System.
The term reflux [1] [3] [4] is very widely used in industries that utilize large-scale distillation columns and fractionators such as petroleum refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants, and natural gas processing plants.