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  2. Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_precision_in...

    Both the "compatibility" function STDEVP and the "consistency" function STDEV.P in Excel 2010 return the 0.5 population standard deviation for the given set of values. However, numerical inaccuracy still can be shown using this example by extending the existing figure to include 10 15 , whereupon the erroneous standard deviation found by Excel ...

  3. Standard deviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation

    Using words, the standard deviation is the square root of the variance of X. The standard deviation of a probability distribution is the same as that of a random variable having that distribution. Not all random variables have a standard deviation.

  4. Unbiased estimation of standard deviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unbiased_estimation_of...

    Unbiased estimation of standard deviation. In statistics and in particular statistical theory, unbiased estimation of a standard deviation is the calculation from a statistical sample of an estimated value of the standard deviation (a measure of statistical dispersion) of a population of values, in such a way that the expected value of the ...

  5. Full width at half maximum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_width_at_half_maximum

    Full width at half maximum. In a distribution, full width at half maximum (FWHM) is the difference between the two values of the independent variable at which the dependent variable is equal to half of its maximum value. In other words, it is the width of a spectrum curve measured between those points on the y -axis which are half the maximum ...

  6. x̅ and s chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X̅_and_s_chart

    x̅ and s chart. x̅. and s chart. In statistical quality control, the and s chart is a type of control chart used to monitor variables data when samples are collected at regular intervals from a business or industrial process. [1] This is connected to traditional statistical quality control (SQC) and statistical process control (SPC).

  7. Root mean square - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_mean_square

    In mathematics, the root mean square (abbrev. RMS, RMS or rms) of a set of numbers is the square root of the set's mean square. [1] Given a set , its RMS is denoted as either or . The RMS is also known as the quadratic mean (denoted ), [2][3] a special case of the generalized mean. The RMS of a continuous function is denoted and can be defined ...

  8. Directional statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directional_statistics

    Directional statistics (also circular statistics or spherical statistics) is the subdiscipline of statistics that deals with directions (unit vectors in Euclidean space, Rn), axes (lines through the origin in Rn) or rotations in Rn. More generally, directional statistics deals with observations on compact Riemannian manifolds including the ...

  9. Seismic wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_wave

    p-wave and s-wave from seismograph Velocity of seismic waves in Earth versus depth. [1] The negligible S-wave velocity in the outer core occurs because it is liquid, while in the solid inner core the S-wave velocity is non-zero. A seismic wave is a mechanical wave of acoustic energy that travels through the Earth or another planetary body.