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It was especially widespread during the Sangam age. The Tamil kings, in order to save their honour, and prestige, were prepared to meet their death facing North ('Vatakkiruttal'), and never would they turn their back in battle. It was a Tamil martial vow (Tamil: நோன்பு, nōnpu, 'vow').
The early Sangam poetry diligently follows two meters, while the later Sangam poetry is a bit more diverse. [ 26 ] [ 27 ] The two meters found in the early poetry are akaval and vanci . [ 28 ] The fundamental metrical unit in these is the acai (metreme [ 29 ] ), itself of two types – ner and nirai .
The Cheras were another prominent dynasty during the Sangam Age in South India, alongside the Cholas and the Pandyas. The Chera kingdom, located in present-day Kerala and Kongu Nadu, had a significant impact on trade, economy, and cultural exchange during that time. The Cheras were known for their extensive trade networks and maritime activities.
The third category of Sangam age Tamil coins are the punch-marked silver, copper and lead coins dated 200 BCE–200 CE and assigned to the Sangam age Tamil kings. The coins belonging to the first two categories mostly attest to the trading relationships that the Tamil people had with the kingdoms of northern India and the outside world.
The Sangam age begins, during which the books of Sangam literature are written. [14] c. 300 BCE: Greek ethnographer Megasthenes describes Madurai as the capital of the Pandya dynasty. [15] [16] c. 250 BCE: Ashoka's inscription recording the four kingdoms (Chera, Cholas, Pandya and Satyaputra) of the ancient Tamil country. c. 205 BCE
Sangam refers to the assembly of the highly learned people of the ancient Tamil land, with the primary aim of advancing the literature. There were historically three ...
The Vijayanagara Empire (/ v ɪ ˌ dʒ ə j ə ˈ n ə ɡ ə r ə /; also known as the Karnata Kingdom) was a late medieval Hindu empire that ruled much of southern India.It was established in 1336 by the brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty, belonging to the Yadava clan of Chandravamsa lineage.
Hinduism, in particular Vaishnavism and Shaivism, was the predominant religion in ancient Tamilakam.The Sangam period in Tamilakam (c. 600 BCE–300 CE) was characterized by the coexistence of many denominations and religions: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Ajivika and later joined by Buddhism and Jainism alongside the folk religion of the Tamil people.