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Hydroxyl radicals will form by the shrinking of microbubbles; it is due to an increase in the value of electromotive force on the liquid interface. Hydroxyl radical(•OH) and H + accumulate rapidly at the bubble interface. Ozone reacts with hydroxyl ions and hydroxyl radicals will form. The formation of hydroxyl radicals is pH-dependent.
Ozone cracking is a form of stress corrosion cracking where active chemical species attack products of a susceptible material. The rubber product must be under tension for crack growth to occur. Ozone cracking was once commonly seen in the sidewalls of tires , where it could expand to cause a dangerous blowout , but is now rare owing to the use ...
Hydroxyl radicals are produced with the help of one or more primary oxidants (e.g. ozone, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen) and/or energy sources (e.g. ultraviolet light) or catalysts (e.g. titanium dioxide). Precise, pre-programmed dosages, sequences and combinations of these reagents are applied in order to obtain a maximum •OH yield.
There are several processes used to introduce hydroxyl groups onto the carbon chain of the fatty acids, and most of these involve oxidation of the C-C double bond. Treatment of the vegetal oils with ozone cleaves the double bond, and esters or alcohols can be made, depending on the conditions used to process the ozonolysis product. [4]
[1] It is possibly produced in the reaction of the hydroxyl radical with dioxygen: OH • + O 2 → HO 3 •. [2] [3] It has been detected in a mass spectrometer experiment using HO + 3 (protonated ozone) as precursor. [4]
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[1] Other molecular tagging velocimetry (MTV) methods have used ozone (O 3), excited oxygen and nitric oxide as the tag instead of hydroxyl. In the case of ozone the method is known as ozone tagging velocimetry or OTV. OTV has been developed and tested in many room air temperature applications with very accurate test results.
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