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Camouflage is the use of any combination of materials, coloration, or illumination for concealment, either by making animals or objects hard to see, or by disguising them as something else. Examples include the leopard 's spotted coat, the battledress of a modern soldier, and the leaf-mimic katydid 's wings.
1948–1979. The ERDL pattern, also known as the Leaf pattern,[2] is a camouflage pattern developed by the United States Army at its Engineer Research & Development Laboratories (ERDL) in 1948. [3][4] It was not used until the Vietnam War, when it was issued to elite reconnaissance and special operations units beginning early 1967. [5][6] The ...
Military camouflage is the use of camouflage by an armed force to protect personnel and equipment from observation by enemy forces. In practice, this means applying colour and materials to military equipment of all kinds, including vehicles, ships, aircraft, gun positions and battledress, either to conceal it from observation (), or to make it appear as something else ().
The U.S. Woodland is a camouflage pattern that was used as the default camouflage pattern issued to the United States Armed Forces from 1981, with the issue of the Battle Dress Uniform, until its replacement in the mid to late 2000s. [2] It is a four color, high contrast disruptive pattern with irregular markings in green, brown, sand and black ...
Convergent evolution of snow camouflage in Arctic hare, ermine, and ptarmigan provided early evidence for natural selection. In his 1889 book Darwinism, the naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace considered the white coloration of Arctic animals. He recorded that the Arctic fox, Arctic hare, ermine and ptarmigan change their colour seasonally, and ...
German World War II camouflage patterns formed a family of disruptively patterned military camouflage designs for clothing, used and in the main designed during the Second World War. The first pattern, Splittertarnmuster ("splinter camouflage pattern"), was designed in 1931 and was initially intended for Zeltbahn shelter halves.
Aircraft camouflage. Disruptively camouflaged A-7D Corsairs on a disruptively painted concrete surface, Thailand, 1972. Aircraft camouflage is the use of camouflage on military aircraft to make them more difficult to see, whether on the ground or in the air. Given the possible backgrounds and lighting conditions, no single scheme works in every ...
The dominant camouflage methods on land are countershading and disruptive coloration, supported by less frequent usage of many other methods. [4] The dominant camouflage methods in the open ocean are transparency, [5] reflection, and counterillumination. [6] Transparency and reflectivity are dominant in the top 100 metres (330 ft) of the ocean ...