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Average yearly precipitation for Illinois varies from 48 inches or 1,220 mm at the southern tip to 35 inches or 890 mm in the northern portion of the state. Normal annual snowfall exceeds 38 inches or 0.97 m in Chicago , while the southern portion of the state normally receives less than 14 inches or 0.36 m. [ 1 ]
Average wind speeds "blowing off the prairie" are greater in the Chicago area. Statewide, the wind speeds average 8 to 12 miles per hour (13 to 19 km/h), and is greater in the winter than in summer. Snowfall averages 30 inches (760 mm) in the north and 10 inches (250 mm) in the south, although the actual snowfalls vary greatly by year.
Recently, the wind speeds were re-examined and adjusted to a maximum official wind speed of 321 mph (516.6 km/h). [ 312 ] A DOW calculation of a subvortice of the 2013 El Reno tornado was estimated in a range of 257–336 mph (414–541 km/h) in 2024.
Many suburban, exurban and rural locations have all-time records that have surpassed 110 °F (43 °C), many of which were set during a heat wave in July 1936, when a massive heat wave engulfed the entire Chicago and northern Illinois region, resulting in eight consecutive days at or above 100 °F (38 °C) at Midway Airport, peaking at 107 °F ...
An anemometer is commonly used to measure wind speed. Global distribution of wind speed at 10m above ground averaged over the years 1981–2010 from the CHELSA-BIOCLIM+ data set [1] In meteorology, wind speed, or wind flow speed, is a fundamental atmospheric quantity caused by air moving from high to low pressure, usually due to changes in ...
[77]: 2 Additionally, multiple consecutive radar scans were averaged to yield an estimated 2-second average radial velocity of 118.4 m/s (265 mph) and an estimated 4-second average velocity of 110.8 m/s (248 mph). This was reported as "likely to be an underestimate of the true 2- and 4-s average wind speeds." [81]: 3b
Wind speed on the Beaufort scale is based on the empirical relationship: [6] v = 0.836 B 3/2 m/s; v = 1.625 B 3/2 knots (=) where v is the equivalent wind speed at 10 metres above the sea surface and B is Beaufort scale number.
The Baltimore Sun's series of columns in 1934 attempted to examine the origin of the phrase "Hawkins is coming" for a cold, winter wind. The first recorded Chicago citation is in the Chicago Defender , October 20, 1936: "And these cold mornings are on us – in other words 'Hawkins' has got us."