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Lead perchlorate trihydrate is produced by the reaction of lead(II) oxide, lead carbonate, or lead nitrate by perchloric acid: . Pb(NO 3) 2 + HClO 4 → Pb(ClO 4) 2 + HNO 3. The excess perchloric acid was removed by first heating the solution to 125 °C, then heating it under moist air at 160 °C to remove the perchloric acid by converting the acid to the dihydrate.
Tarnished lead (left) and shiny lead (right) Compounds of lead exist with lead in two main oxidation states: +2 and +4. The former is more common. Inorganic lead(IV) compounds are typically strong oxidants or exist only in highly acidic solutions. [1] Red α-PbO and yellow β-PbO The mixed valence oxide Pb 3 O 4 Black PbO 2 which is a strong ...
Formula 0 °C 10 °C 15 °C 20 °C ... Lead(II) perchlorate: Pb(ClO 4) 2 ·3H 2 O: 440: Lead(II) selenate ... CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics - Online resource ...
Perchlorate concentration was the highest in Chilean nitrate, ranging from 3.3 to 3.98%. [52] Perchlorate in the solid fertilizer ranged from 0.7 to 2.0 mg g −1, variation of less than a factor of 3 and it is estimated that sodium nitrate fertilizers derived from Chilean caliche contain approximately 0.5–2 mg g −1 of perchlorate anion. [75]
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
It also forms by treatment of basic lead(II) compounds such as Lead(II) oxide and lead(II) carbonate. Lead dioxide is reduced by chloride as follows: PbO 2 + 4 HCl → PbCl 2 (s) + Cl 2 + 2 H 2 O. It also formed by the oxidation of lead metal by copper(II) chloride: Pb + CuCl 2 → PbCl 2 + Cu. Or most straightforwardly by the action of ...
Many lead(II) pseudohalides are known, such as the cyanide, cyanate, and thiocyanate. [70] [74] Lead(II) forms an extensive variety of halide coordination complexes, such as [PbCl 4] 2−, [PbCl 6] 4−, and the [Pb 2 Cl 9] n 5n− chain anion. [73] Lead(II) sulfate is insoluble in water, like the sulfates of other heavy divalent cations.
Lead sesquioxide, Pb 2 O 3, which is a lead (II,IV) oxide as well (lead(II) metaplumbate(IV) [Pb 2+][PbO 2− 3]), reddish yellow Pb 12 O 19 , monoclinic, dark-brown or black crystals The so-called black lead oxide , which is a mixture of PbO and fine-powdered Pb metal and used in the production of lead–acid batteries .