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In 1840 the British Crown and many Māori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi, allowing New Zealand to become part of the British Empire and granting Māori the status of British subjects. Initial relations between Māori and Europeans (whom the Māori called "Pākehā") were largely amicable.
The palisade destroyed, the British troops rushed the pā, whereupon Māori fired on them from hidden trenches, killing 38 and injuring many more in the most costly battle for the Pākehā of the New Zealand Wars. The troops retired and Māori abandoned the pā. [71] While the British could defeat Māori in battle, the defeats were often not ...
There were 887,493 people identifying as being part of the Māori ethnic group at the 2023 New Zealand census, making up 17.8% of New Zealand's population. [112] This is an increase of 111,657 people (14.4%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 288,891 people (48.3%) since the 2006 census.
In 19th century New Zealand, the British wanted to formalise their involvement in the country, regulate land speculation and control general disorder. They were faced with a Māori population that was more numerous, with cultivated land and government. Therefore, the British drew up the Treaty of Waitangi.
In the 1980s, immigration from the British Isles declined, while Australia became the largest contributor to New Zealand's migrant flows in both directions. By the end of the decade New Zealand faced a net annual loss of over 30,000 people, with nearly 60% – particularly many young Māori – moving to Australia. [195]
The Boyd massacre occurred in December 1809 when Māori of Ngāti Pou from Whangaroa Harbour in northern New Zealand killed and ate between 66 and 70 European crew members from the British brigantine ship Boyd. [1] This was the highest number of Europeans killed by Māori in a single event in New Zealand.
The 2011 census recorded 57,076 people born in New Zealand residing in England, 1,292 in Wales, [5] 3,632 in Scotland [6] and 584 in Northern Ireland. [7] The Office for National Statistics estimates that, in 2015, the New Zealand-born population of the UK stood at around 59,000.
During the initial Taranaki skirmishes, British regulars were outnumbered and aided by Māori auxiliaries. However, Lieutenant-Colonel J. E. Alexander of the 2/14th Regiment questioned the effectiveness of these Māori allies but later noted: [5] “It is true that they were very useful in detecting ambuscades in procuring and cutting firewood, building wharres [6] [sic] [huts] etc.; and in ...