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  2. Islamic views on the crusades - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_views_on_the_crusades

    Renewed interest in the period is comparatively recent, arising in the context of modern salafi propaganda calling for war on the Western "crusaders". [12]The term ṣalībiyyūn "crusader", a 19th-century loan translation from Western historiography, is now in common use as a pejorative; Salafi preacher Wagdy Ghoneim has used it interchangeably with naṣārā and masīḥiyyīn as a term for ...

  3. Second Crusade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Crusade

    Joscelin II continued to rule the remnants of the county from Turbessel, but little by little the rest of the territory was captured by Muslims or sold to the Byzantines. Zengi himself was praised throughout the Muslim world as "defender of the faith" and al-Malik al-Mansur, "the victorious king". He did not pursue an attack on the remaining ...

  4. Crusades - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusades

    The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.The best known of these military expeditions are those to the Holy Land between 1095 and 1291 that had the objective of reconquering Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Muslim rule after the region had been conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate ...

  5. Battle of Jaffa (1192) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Jaffa_(1192)

    The Crusaders in the East: A Brief History of the Wars of Islam with the Latins in Syria During the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Cambridge University Press. p. 413. OCLC 3261335. Verbruggen, J.F. (1997). The Art of Warfare in Western Europe During the Middle Ages: From the Eighth Century to 1340. Boydell & Brewer. p. 388. ISBN 9780851155708

  6. History of Jerusalem during the Kingdom of Jerusalem

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Jerusalem...

    The Crusader period in the history of Jerusalem decisively influenced the history of the whole Middle East, radiating beyond the region into the Islamic World and Christian Europe. The Crusades elevated the position of Jerusalem in the hierarchy of places holy to Islam, but it did not become a spiritual or political center of Islam.

  7. The Crusades, An Arab Perspective - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crusades,_An_Arab...

    the first episode, explores the reasons behind the start of the Crusades, centered on Jerusalem, the holy city for Christians, Jews and Muslims. [3] 7 Dec 2016 2 Revival the second episode, tells the story of the early Muslim resistance to the Crusades, led by the Zengids, a Turkic dynasty ruling the northern Levant. [4] 14 Dec 2016 3 Unification

  8. Third Crusade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Crusade

    The Muslim army was not destroyed, despite losing 7,000 [87] men, but it did rout; this was considered shameful by the Muslims and boosted the morale of the Crusaders. Arsuf had dented Saladin's reputation as an invincible warrior and proved Richard's courage as soldier and his skill as a commander.

  9. Siege of Lisbon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Lisbon

    The traditional start of the Reconquista is identified with the defeat of the Muslims in the Battle of Covadonga in 722. [5] After the First Crusade in 1095–1099, Pope Paschal II urged Iberian crusaders (Portuguese, Castilians, Leonese, Aragonese, and others) to remain at home, where their own warfare was considered just as worthy as that of crusaders travelling to Jerusalem.