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2. Sentence (mathematical logic) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_(mathematical_logic)

   Sentences are then built up out of atomic sentences by applying connectives and quantifiers. A set of sentences is called a theory; thus, individual sentences may be called theorems. To properly evaluate the truth (or falsehood) of a sentence, one must make reference to an interpretation of the theory.

3. Existential quantification - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existential_quantification

   Consider the formal sentence . For some natural number , =.. This is a single statement using existential quantification. It is roughly analogous to the informal sentence "Either =, or =, or =, or... and so on," but more precise, because it doesn't need us to infer the meaning of the phrase "and so on."

4. Schaffer method - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaffer_method

   The Jane Schaffer method is a formula for essay writing that is taught in some U.S. middle schools and high schools.Developed by a San Diego teacher named Jane Schaffer, who started offering training and a 45-day curriculum in 1995, it is intended to help students who struggle with structuring essays by providing a framework.

5. Spectrum of a sentence - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum_of_a_sentence

   Let ψ be a sentence in first-order logic.The spectrum of ψ is the set of natural numbers n such that there is a finite model for ψ with n elements.. If the vocabulary for ψ consists only of relational symbols, then ψ can be regarded as a sentence in existential second-order logic (ESOL) quantified over the relations, over the empty vocabulary.

6. Resolution (logic) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resolution_(logic)

   This resolution technique uses proof by contradiction and is based on the fact that any sentence in propositional logic can be transformed into an equivalent sentence in conjunctive normal form. [4] The steps are as follows. All sentences in the knowledge base and the negation of the sentence to be proved (the conjecture) are conjunctively ...

7. Orange Cat Gets His Own Christmas Tree and He ‘Absolutely ...

   www.aol.com/orange-cat-gets-own-christmas...

   People loved the orange cat's reaction to the tree and had a lot to say about Abram's video. @Jen got more than 300 likes when she pointed out, "He's the angel on top of his tree!" @Austin ...

8. If and only if - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If_and_only_if

   The corresponding logical symbols are "", "", [6] and , [10] and sometimes "iff".These are usually treated as equivalent. However, some texts of mathematical logic (particularly those on first-order logic, rather than propositional logic) make a distinction between these, in which the first, ↔, is used as a symbol in logic formulas, while ⇔ is used in reasoning about those logic formulas ...

9. Formal proof - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_proof

   In logic and mathematics, a formal proof or derivation is a finite sequence of sentences (known as well-formed formulas when relating to formal language), each of which is an axiom, an assumption, or follows from the preceding sentences in the sequence, according to the rule of inference.