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Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans.
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; Appearance. move to sidebar hide ... Hydrochloric Acid: 84.8 [13] tert-Butanol: 82.5 [14 ...
White solids of impure benzoic acid are obtained. The benzoic acid is decanted to remove the aqueous solution of impurities, more water is added, and the mixture is brought to a boil with more water added to give a homogeneous solution. The solution is allowed to cool slowly to room temperature, then in an ice bath to recrystallize benzoic acid.
Potassium permanganate can be used to generate chlorine gas when concentrated hydrochloric acid is added to it: 2KMn04 + 16HCl —> 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 8H2O + 5Cl2 This process has been investigated by Venable & Jackson and fails if the concentation of the hydrochloric acid solution drops below 2mM Venable, F. P.; Jackson, D.H. (1920). "The ...
Hydroxylammonium chloride is a chemical compound with the formula [NH 3 OH] + Cl −.It is the hydrochloric acid salt of hydroxylamine (NH 2 OH).Hydroxylamine is a biological intermediate in nitrification (biological oxidation of ammonia with oxygen into nitrite) and in anammox (biological oxidation of nitrite and ammonium into dinitrogen gas) which are important in the nitrogen cycle in soil ...
It can also be produced by the addition of hydrochloric acid to a hot, concentrated solution of mercury(I) compounds such as the nitrate: [2] Hg 2 (NO 3) 2 + 4 HCl → 2 HgCl 2 + 2 H 2 O + 2 NO 2. Heating a mixture of solid mercury(II) sulfate and sodium chloride also affords volatile HgCl 2, which can be separated by sublimation. [2]
For example, dissolution of iron ores in hydrochloric acid gives a mixture of ferrous and ferric chlorides: [4] Fe 3 O 4 + 8 HCl → FeCl 2 + 2 FeCl 3 + 4 H 2 O. The iron(II) chloride is converted to the iron(III) derivative by treatment with oxygen and hydrochloric acid: 4 FeCl 2 + O 2 + 4 HCl → 4 FeCl 3 + 2 H 2 O
Acid maceration is a technique to extract organic microfossils from a surrounding rock matrix using acid. Hydrochloric acid or acetic acid may be used to extract phosphatic fossils, such as the small shelly fossils, from a carbonate matrix. Hydrofluoric acid is also used in acid macerations to extract organic fossils from silicate rocks.