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  2. Ocean current - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_current

    Knowledge of surface ocean currents is essential in reducing costs of shipping, since traveling with them reduces fuel costs. In the wind powered sailing-ship era, knowledge of wind patterns and ocean currents was even more essential. Using ocean currents to help their ships into harbor and using currents such as the gulf stream to get back ...

  3. Marine current power - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_current_power

    The image to the right illustrates the high density of flow along the coast, note the high velocity white northward flow, perfect for extraction of ocean current energy. Countries that are interested in and pursuing the application of ocean current energy technologies include the European Union, [4] Japan, [5] the United States, [6] and China. [7]

  4. Thermohaline circulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermohaline_circulation

    A summary of the path of the thermohaline circulation. Blue paths represent deep-water currents, while red paths represent surface currents. Thermohaline circulation. Thermohaline circulation (THC) is a part of the large-scale ocean circulation that is driven by global density gradients created by surface heat and freshwater fluxes.

  5. Marine biogeochemical cycles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_biogeochemical_cycles

    Winds drive ocean currents in the upper 100 meters of the ocean's surface. However, ocean currents also flow thousands of meters below the surface. These deep-ocean currents are driven by differences in the water's density, which is controlled by temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline). This process is known as thermohaline circulation.

  6. Ekman transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekman_transport

    Surface currents flow at a 45° angle to the wind due to a balance between the Coriolis force and the drags generated by the wind and the water. [7] If the ocean is divided vertically into thin layers, the magnitude of the velocity (the speed) decreases from a maximum at the surface until it dissipates.

  7. North Atlantic Current - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Atlantic_Current

    Driven by the global thermohaline circulation, the North Atlantic Current is part of the wind-driven Gulf Stream, which goes further east and north from the North American coast across the Atlantic and into the Arctic Ocean. The North Atlantic Current, together with the Gulf Stream, have a long-lived reputation for having a considerable warming ...

  8. Convection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection

    The surface currents are initially dictated by surface wind conditions. The trade winds blow westward in the tropics, [25] and the westerlies blow eastward at mid-latitudes. [26] This wind pattern applies a stress to the subtropical ocean surface with negative curl across the Northern Hemisphere, [27] and the reverse across the Southern Hemisphere.

  9. Agulhas Current - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agulhas_Current

    The cold Benguela Current originates from upwelling of water from the cold depths of the Atlantic Ocean against the west coast of the continent. The two currents do not "meet" anywhere along the south coast of Africa. The Agulhas Current (/ ə ˈ ɡ ʌ l ə s /) is the western boundary current of the southwest Indian Ocean.

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