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e. Physiology (/ ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi /; from Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis) 'nature, origin' and -λογία (-logía) 'study of') [1] is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. [2][3] As a subdiscipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules ...
Anatomy (from Ancient Greek ἀνατομή (anatomḗ) ' dissection ') is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts. [1] Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having its beginnings in prehistoric ...
The internal human body includes organs, teeth, bones, muscle, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels and blood, lymphatic vessels and lymph. The study of the human body includes anatomy, physiology, histology and embryology. The body varies anatomically in known ways.
Comparative anatomy is the study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. It is closely related to evolutionary biology and phylogeny [1] (the evolution of species). The science began in the classical era, continuing in the early modern period with work by Pierre Belon who noted the similarities of the skeletons of ...
Comparative physiology. Comparative physiology is a subdiscipline of physiology that studies and exploits the diversity of functional characteristics of various kinds of organisms. It is closely related to evolutionary physiology and environmental physiology. Many universities offer undergraduate courses that cover comparative aspects of animal ...
Human anatomy – scientific study of the morphology of the adult human. It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy. Gross anatomy (also called topographical anatomy, regional anatomy, or anthropotomy) is the study of anatomical structures that can be seen by unaided vision. Microscopic anatomy is the study of minute anatomical ...
Neurophysiology is a branch of physiology and neuroscience that studies nervous system function rather than nervous system architecture. [1] This area aids in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological diseases. Historically, it has been dominated by electrophysiology —the electrical recording of neural activity ranging from the molar (the ...
The 11 organ systems: the respiratory system, digestive and excretory system, circulatory system, urinary system, integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, endocrine system, lymphatic system, nervous system, and reproductive system. There are other systems in the body that are not organ systems—for example, the immune system ...
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