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By a unanimous vote of its Supreme Soviet, Turkmenistan declared its sovereignty in August 1990. [8] In March 1990, Turkmenistan participated in the internationally observed referendum on the future of the Soviet Union, where 98% percent of participants voted in support of the preservation of the Soviet Union.
The Supreme Soviet of the Turkmen SSR (Turkmen: Түркменистан ССР Ёкары Советы, romanized: Türkmenistan SSR Ýokary Sowety; Russian: Верховный Совет Туркменской ССР, romanized: Verkhovnyy Sovet Turkmenskoy SSR) was the supreme soviet (main legislative institution) of the Turkmen SSR, one of the union republics of the Soviet Union.
Under Niyazov, the Turkmen Communist Party had a reputation as one of the most hardline and unreformed party organizations in the Soviet Union. On 13 January 1990, Niyazov became Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Turkmen SSR, the supreme legislative body in the republic. The post was equivalent to that of president.
1 Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (1925–1991) Toggle Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (1925–1991) subsection. ... 1.5 Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme ...
In Turkmenistan, the national conservative Agzybirlik (Unification) took up the cause of independence and gained a significant base among native Turkmens. Saparmurat Niyazov—then Secretary of the Supreme Soviet—had the party banned for anti-Soviet activities, and suppressed dissent. However, in what the first multi-party election to the ...
The chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (from October 25, 1990: Republic of Turkmenistan) was the parliamentary speaker of the legislature, which was succeeded by the Majlis in 1992. From 1938 to 1990, the chairman of the Supreme Soviet was the republic's de jure head of state.
Under the 1992 constitution, the president is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. Niyazov added the post of chairman of the Supreme Soviet in January 1990, and was elected as the country's first president that October. He was the only candidate in Turkmenistan's first presidential elections in 1992.
Following the events of the failed coup that took place in August, the Supreme Soviet of the Turkmenistan decided to adopt the law "About Independence and Bases of a State System of Turkmenistan", effectively declaring its independence on 27 October 1991. After disintegration of the USSR, the Turkmen SSR became one of the last republics in the ...