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Between the 1930s and 1970s, the Scottish football club Rangers had an unwritten rule whereby the club would not knowingly sign any player who was a Roman Catholic. [1] [2] This was because Rangers were viewed as a Protestant, Unionist club, in contrast to their Old Firm rivals, Celtic, who were viewed as an Irish Catholic club, although Celtic never adopted a similar signing policy.
The foundation of Celtic, a club with a distinct Irish Catholic identity, was crucial in the subsequent adoption by Rangers of a Protestant, Unionist identity. [17] From around the 1920s onwards Rangers had an unofficial policy of not signing Catholic players or employing Catholics in other roles.
Rangers F.C. is owned and operated by The Rangers Football Club Limited ("TRFCL"), which, in turn, is a subsidiary of the holding company Rangers International Football Club Plc ("RIFC"). The latter company, RIFC, also owns other corporations related to Rangers including Rangers Retail Ltd, Rangers Media Ltd and Garrion Security Services Ltd ...
A handful of Rangers fans burned scarves and threatened to hand in season tickets over the signing but attendances held firm while Celtic fans referred to Johnston as Judas. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Rangers' kitman Jimmy Bell protested by making Johnston arrange his own kit and withholding from him the chocolate bars dispensed to other players until he ...
Billy Boys originated in the 1920s as the signature tune of the Billy Boys, who were a Protestant Glasgow razor gang in Bridgeton (an area of Glasgow historically associated with the city's Protestant population, and with Scottish unionism – Brigton is the Scots form of Bridgeton) led by Billy Fullerton.
I grew up Catholic, and my wife was raised Jewish. As adults, we have both chosen a life free of organized religion . We are raising our children agnostic , with the option to choose a spiritual ...
The church was called "Catholic" meaning "universal" from very early in the second century, a tacit acknowledgement of the many different cultures it encompassed. Early Christianity suffered great, although intermittent, persecution from the state until Emperor Constantine the Great issued the Edict of Milan in 313 AD, legalizing Christianity.
For most of this time, there was a nominal peace in the Holy Roman Empire between the Protestant and Catholic confessions as both competed to establish their faith more firmly with the population of their respective areas. This confession-building occurred through "social-disciplining," as there was a stricter enforcement by the churches of ...