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The four most commonly grown agricultural crops worldwide are sugarcane, maize, cereals and rice. [3] The total weight of all these crops is more than 16,500 billion kilograms per year. [ 4 ] Since 80% of this consists of agricultural waste, many tens of thousands of billions of kilograms of agricultural waste remain worldwide. [ 5 ]
The residue can be ploughed directly into the ground, or burned first. In contrast, no-till, strip-till or reduced-till agriculture practices are carried out to maximize crop residue cover. Simple line-transect measurements can be used to estimate residue coverage. [1] Process residues are materials left after the crop is processed into a ...
Crop rotation: In order to reduce the risk of infection of pea crops from infected residue and soil-borne survival structures in a field, pea crops should be grown only every three to four years in the same field. It is important to plant pea crops as far from the previous years' field as possible in order to limit the spread of infection. [3]
Different types of tillage result in varying amounts of crop residue being incorporated into the soil profile. Conventional or intensive tillage typically leaves less than 15% of crop residues on a field, reduced tillage leaves 15–30%, and conservation tillage systems leave at least 30% on the soil surface. [10]
Lighter secondary disc harrows help completely incorporate residue left by a primary disc harrow, eliminate clumps, and loosen the remaining packed soil. The notched disc blades chop up stover left from previous crops, such as cornstalks. Disc harrows incorporate remaining residue into the top soil, promoting the rapid decay of the dead plant ...
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... This category includes crop species as well as agricultural techniques related to crop farming. ... Crop residue; Crop rotation;
Planting cover crops that keep the soil anchored and covered in off-seasons so that the soil is not eroded by wind and rain. Crop rotations [18] for row crops alternate high-residue crops with lower-residue crops to increase the amount of plant material left on the surface of the soil during the year to protect the soil from erosion.
Corn grey leaf spot is found by Crous et al. 2006 to flourish under extended periods of high relative humidity [3] [4] (over two days) and free moisture on leaves due to fog, dew, or light rain. Additionally, heavy rains tend to assist in dispersal of the pathogen.