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In medicine and medical statistics, the gold standard, criterion standard, [1] or reference standard [2] is the diagnostic test or benchmark that is the best available under reasonable conditions. [3] It is the test against which new tests are compared to gauge their validity, and it is used to evaluate the efficacy of treatments. [1]
[1] [2] In clinical practice, verification bias is more likely to occur when a preliminary diagnostic test is negative. Because many gold standard tests can be invasive, expensive, and carry a higher risk (e.g. angiography, biopsy, surgery), patients and physicians may be more reluctant to undergo further work-up if a preliminary test is negative.
Gold Standard Laboratories or GSL was an independent record label which was founded in 1993 in Boulder, Colorado by Sonny Kay. In 2000, it was relocated to San Diego, California, United States, and two years later, to Los Angeles. It was headquartered in L.A. until closing its doors on October 29, 2007. [1] [2]
The diagnostic odds ratio ranges from zero to infinity, although for useful tests it is greater than one, and higher diagnostic odds ratios are indicative of better test performance. [1] Diagnostic odds ratios less than one indicate that the test can be improved by simply inverting the outcome of the test – the test is in the wrong direction ...
The 4×50 m freestyle relay and 4×50 m medley relay for men and women were removed from the event lineups, and the mixed 4 × 100 m medley relay was added, for a total of 45 medal events. The United States topped the medal table, winning 18 gold & 39 medals in total, and broke 21 world records in the championships, were named the best team ...
However, electron microscopy is highly versatile due to its ability to analyze any type of sample and identify any type of virus. Therefore, it remains the gold standard for identifying viruses that do not show up on routine diagnostic tests or for which routine tests present conflicting results. [7]
Gold standard may also refer to: Gold Standard issue, series of postage stamps issued by the Soviet Union between 1923 and 1927; Gold standard (test), the diagnostic test that is the best available under reasonable conditions; Gold Standard (carbon offset standard), widely accepted standard for evaluating the value of carbon offsets
[23] [24] Around 16 October 2024, the YouTube account of Apollo Systems HK, the subsidiary of BAC Consulting KFT, [25] was deleted for an unknown reason. Their channel included videos detailing the features of the AR924 Alphanumeric Pagers used in the attacks, as well as other Gold Apollo product demonstrations.