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  2. VeraCrypt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VeraCrypt

    The Windows versions of VeraCrypt can create and run a hidden encrypted operating system whose existence may be denied. [48] The VeraCrypt documentation lists ways in which the hidden volume deniability features may be compromised (e.g., by third-party software which may leak information through temporary files or via thumbnails) and possible ...

  3. Ophcrack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophcrack

    Ophcrack is a free open-source (GPL licensed) program that cracks Windows log-in passwords by using LM hashes through rainbow tables.The program includes the ability to import the hashes from a variety of formats, including dumping directly from the SAM files of Windows, and can be run via the command line or using the program’s GUI (Graphical user interface).

  4. Checksum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checksum

    This is especially true of cryptographic hash functions, which may be used to detect many data corruption errors and verify overall data integrity; if the computed checksum for the current data input matches the stored value of a previously computed checksum, there is a very high probability the data has not been accidentally altered or corrupted.

  5. SHA instruction set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_SHA_extensions

    A SHA instruction set is a set of extensions to the x86 and ARM instruction set architecture which support hardware acceleration of Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) family. It was specified in 2013 by Intel. [1] Instructions for SHA-512 was introduced in Arrow Lake and Lunar Lake in 2024.

  6. MAC address anonymization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_Address_Anonymization

    Using computationally expensive hash functions like Bcrypt to prevent background knowledge attacks Truncating the resulting hash to achieve K-anonymity The degree to which a resulting hash is truncated is a balancing act between the privacy offered and the desired collision rate (the probability that one anonymised MAC Address will overlap with ...

  7. Hardware-based encryption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware-based_encryption

    Hardware-based encryption is the use of computer hardware to assist software, or sometimes replace software, in the process of data encryption. Typically, this is implemented as part of the processor 's instruction set.

  8. John the Ripper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_the_Ripper

    The next line is the contents of the file, i.e. the user (AZl) and the hash associated with that user (zWwxIh15Q). The third line is the command for running John the Ripper utilizing the " -w " flag. " password.lst " is the name of a text file full of words the program will use against the hash, pass.txt makes another appearance as the file we ...

  9. Error detection and correction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_detection_and_correction

    Furthermore, given some hash value, it is typically infeasible to find some input data (other than the one given) that will yield the same hash value. If an attacker can change not only the message but also the hash value, then a keyed hash or message authentication code (MAC) can be used for additional security. Without knowing the key, it is ...