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Late-life depression refers to depression occurring in older adults and has diverse presentations, including as a recurrence of early-onset depression, a new diagnosis of late-onset depression, and a mood disorder resulting from a separate medical condition, substance use, or medication regimen. [1]
Basic blood biochemistry and cell counts can also be used to accurately predict the chronological age. [7] Further studies of the hematological clock on the large datasets from South Korean, Canadian, and Eastern European populations demonstrated that biomarkers of aging may be population-specific and predictive of mortality. [ 8 ]
Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry"), the ...
In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated using blood, urine, or soft tissues [ 1 ] to examine normal biological processes , pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention . [ 2 ]
The biology of depression is the attempt to identify a biochemical origin of depression, as opposed to theories that emphasize psychological or situational causes. Scientific studies have found that different brain areas show altered activity in humans with major depressive disorder (MDD) . [ 1 ]
Individuals with depression often describe a slowing of thought, an inability to concentrate and make decisions, and being easily distracted. [3] In the elderly, the decreased concentration caused by a major depressive episode may present as deficits in memory. [3] This is referred to as pseudodementia and often goes away with treatment. [3]
Among Kentucky’s taxpayer-funded rehabilitation options is a network of 15 facilities — eight for men and seven for women — created about a decade ago and known as Recovery Kentucky. It represents the state’s central drug treatment effort, admitting thousands of addicts per year.
Frail elderly people are at significant risk of post-surgical complications and the need for extended care. Frailty more than doubles the risk of morbidity and mortality from surgery and cardiovascular conditions. [59] Assessment of older patients before elective surgeries can accurately predict the patients' recovery trajectories. [60]