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The Spark – a 28-minute film, produced in 1974, providing an overview of the Lubavitch and Satmar of New York. [174] The film was directed by Mel Epstein. [175] The Return: A Hasidic Experience – a 1979 documentary film on Jews who joined the Chabad movement, directed by Yisrael Lifshutz and Barry Ralbag. [176] [177] [178] [175]
Satmar (Yiddish: סאַטמאַר; Hebrew: סאטמר) is a group in Hasidic Judaism founded in 1905 by Grand Rebbe Joel Teitelbaum (1887–1979), in the city of Szatmárnémeti (also called Szatmár in the 1890s), Hungary (now Satu Mare in Romania).
Satmar is known for its extreme conservatism and opposition to both Agudas Israel and Zionism, inspired by the legacy of Hungarian Haredi Judaism. The sect underwent a schism in 2006, and two competing factions emerged, led by rival brothers Aaron Teitelbaum and Zalman Teitelbaum.
Siget (from Máramarossziget, Hungary) (today Sighetu-Marmaţiei, Romania) (parent of, now sharing leadership with, the Satmar dynasty above) Sochatchov (from Sochaczew, Poland) Sokolov (from Sokołów Podlaski, Poland – there was a branch of the Ropshitz dynasty in Sokołów Małopolski, Poland, as well) Stanislov (from Stanyslaviv, Ukraine ...
Chabad Lubavitch [227] maintains an international network of organizations, and is formally represented under the umbrella group Agudas Chasidei Chabad; The Hasidic umbrella group Central Rabbinical Congress is associated with Satmar; Haredi political parties in Israel include: Shas (representing Mizrahi and Sephardic Haredim)
Examples of these Hasidic yeshivas are the Chabad Lubavitch yeshiva system of Tomchei Temimim, founded by Sholom Dovber Schneersohn in Russia in 1897, and the Chachmei Lublin Yeshiva established in Poland in 1930 by Meir Shapiro, who is renowned in both Hasidic and Lithuanian Jewish circles for initiating the Daf Yomi daily cycle of Talmud study.
The Messiah of Brooklyn: Understanding Lubavitch Hasidim Past and Present, M. Avrum Ehrlich, KTAV Publishing, ISBN 0-88125-836-9; Dalfin, Chaim. Attack on Lubavitch: A Response, Jewish Enrichment Press, February 2002 (ISBN 1-880880-66-0) Fishkoff, Sue. The Rebbe's Army: Inside the World of Chabad-Lubavitch, Schocken, 2003 (ISBN 0-8052-4189-2)
Some of the main movements were in: Russia which saw the rise of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement; Poland which had the Gerrer Hasidim; Galicia had Bobov; Hungary had Satmar Hasidim; and Ukraine had the Breslovers, and many others that grew rapidly, gaining millions of adherents, until it became the dominant brand of Judaism.