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In chemistry, a reagent (/ r i ˈ eɪ dʒ ən t / ree-AY-jənt) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. [1] The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction. [ 1 ]
In this example, the surfactant molecules' oil-soluble tails project into the oil (blue), while the water-soluble ends remain in contact with the water phase (red). Surfactants are chemical compounds that decrease the surface tension or interfacial tension between two liquids , a liquid and a gas , or a liquid and a solid .
An example of a simple chain reaction is the thermal decomposition of acetaldehyde (CH 3 CHO) to methane (CH 4) and carbon monoxide (CO). The experimental reaction order is 3/2, [4] which can be explained by a Rice-Herzfeld mechanism. [5] This reaction mechanism for acetaldehyde has 4 steps with rate equations for each step :
The international pictogram for oxidizing chemicals. Dangerous goods label for oxidizing agents. An oxidizing agent (also known as an oxidant, oxidizer, electron recipient, or electron acceptor) is a substance in a redox chemical reaction that gains or "accepts"/"receives" an electron from a reducing agent (called the reductant, reducer, or electron donor).
In the fields of histology, pathology, and cell biology, fixation is the preservation of biological tissues from decay due to autolysis or putrefaction.It terminates any ongoing biochemical reactions and may also increase the treated tissues' mechanical strength or stability.
the central organic synthesis reagent for hydroboration Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide: an organic compound; primary use is to couple amino acids during artificial peptide synthesis Diethyl azodicarboxylate: a valuable reagent but also quite dangerous and explodes upon heating Diethyl ether: organic compound; a common laboratory solvent Dihydropyran
This reaction is an example of electrophilic aromatic substitution. Acyl halides and acid anhydrides of carboxylic acids are also common acylating agents. In some cases, active esters exhibit comparable reactivity. All react with amines to form amides and with alcohols to form esters by nucleophilic acyl substitution.
Lysis (/ ˈ l aɪ s ɪ s / LY-sis; from Greek λῠ́σῐς lýsis 'loosening') is the breaking down of the membrane of a cell, often by viral, enzymic, or osmotic (that is, "lytic" / ˈ l ɪ t ɪ k / LIT-ik) mechanisms that compromise its integrity. A fluid containing the contents of lysed cells is called a lysate.