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[32] [a] He describes Hindutva, states Bhatt, as "one of the most comprehensive and bewildering synthetic concepts known to the human tongue" and "Hindutva is not a word but a history; not only the spiritual or religious history of our people as at times it is mistaken to be by being confounded with the other cognate term Hinduism, but a ...
He defined the word Hindu as: "He who considers India as both his Fatherland and Holyland". He thus defined Hindutva ("Hindu-ness") or Hindu as different from Hinduism. [98] This definition kept the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) outside its ambit and considered only native religious denominations as Hindu. [99]
The Hindutva movement has extensively argued for the unity of Hinduism, dismissing the differences and regarding India as a Hindu-country since ancient times. [167] And there are assumptions of political dominance of Hindu nationalism in India , also known as ' Neo-Hindutva '.
Distortion of history in the National Council of Education Research and Training (NCERT) textbooks has been frequently observed under the BJP governments. [11] [12] G. N. Devy writes, "the discipline of history is so rich now in its knowledge of the past that Hindutva’s speculative historiography, though imposed upon learners through the NCERT, can hardly make a dent in it."
The history of Hinduism covers a wide variety of related religious traditions native to the Indian subcontinent. [1] It overlaps or coincides with the development of religion in the Indian subcontinent since the Iron Age , with some of its traditions tracing back to prehistoric religions such as those of the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation .
The book received mainly positive reception. According to Antony Copley, the writer of "Hinduism in public and private: reform, Hindutva, gender, and sampraday", the book "exemplified" Vivekananda's theory of the difference between Hindutva and Hinduism. [10]
Essentials of Hindutva [1] [2] is an ideological epigraph written by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1922. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The book was published in 1923 while Savarkar was still in jail. [ 5 ] It was retitled Hindutva: Who Is a Hindu?
[72] [73] [74] A sense of Hindu identity and the term Hindu appears in some texts dated between the 13th and 18th century in Sanskrit and Bengali. [73] [75] The 14th- and 18th-century Indian poets such as Vidyapati, Kabir, Tulsidas and Eknath used the phrase Hindu dharma (Hinduism) and contrasted it with Turaka dharma .