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Viriathus (also spelled Viriatus; known as Viriato in Portuguese and Spanish; died 139 BC) was the most important leader of the Lusitanian people that resisted Roman expansion into the regions of western Hispania (as the Romans called it) or western Iberia (as the Greeks called it), where the Roman province of Lusitania would be finally established after the conquest.
However, others have argued that this Viriathus might have been a true historical character with the same name, given that the latter could be actually a title used by chieftains of Celtic peoples. [5] According to the poem, his Lusitanian forces scored a feat in the poem by taking down Roman officer Mamercus at the Battle of Lake Trasimene. [2]
After the victory over Vetilius, Viriathus turned his attention to Carpetania.He overran the whole country, raiding the land and destroying Roman crops and property. [4]To suppress Viriathus, Rome sent a new commander, Gaius Plautius, with 4,000 men to pursue him.
In the sequence of the Second Punic War, the Roman Republic defeated Carthage and its colonies in the Mediterranean Coast of the Iberian Peninsula. This marked the first incursion of the Roman Republic into the peninsula and possibly the first clash between Lusitanians and Romans, as Lusitanian mercenaries fought on the Carthaginian side during the Punic Wars.
Viriatos, named after the Lusitanian leader Viriathus, was the generic name given to Portuguese volunteers who fought with the Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War. [1] In the first weeks of the war, the Portuguese Army tried to form a Viriatos Legion to aid the Nationalist insurgents in Spain.
Statue of Viriatus, the Lusitanian leader during the Lusitanian War (155 to 139 BCE). The Lusitanians were considered by historians to be particularly adept at guerrilla warfare . The strongest amongst them were selected to defend the populace in mountainous sites. [ 36 ]
The poem tells the story of Viriatus. [9] He was a warrior from Iberia who waged war against the Romans in the 2nd century BC. According to Diodorus Siculus, a Greek historian, Viriatus came from Lusitania, that is, from ancient Portugal. He became the leader of an army and remained invincible for a long time.
The statue was the work of Eduardo Barrón.It is casted in bronze and was discovered in Rome at Nelli's foundry in 1883, it was later bought by the Spanish State. [1]The leading statue of the sculptural ensemble represents a standing and almost naked full-body figure of Viriathus, with his right arm extended in attitude of rallying his troops, while the left forearm holds a tunic and the left ...