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The main virus involved in the global outbreak is as H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b, genetic diversification of which with other clades (such as 2.3.2.1c) has seen an evolution in the ability to cause significant outbreaks in a broader range of species, mammals included. [63] [64] [65]
This is a timeline of influenza, briefly describing major events such as outbreaks, epidemics, pandemics, discoveries and developments of vaccines.In addition to specific year/period-related events, there is the seasonal flu that kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people every year and has claimed between 340 million and 1 billion human lives throughout history.
In December, a HPAI H5N1 subtype of clade 2.3.4.4b was found in a captive Asian black bear and in wild and captive birds in a wildlife park in France. [17] A human case of H5N1 was reported in the U.S. in April, "though this detection may have been the result of contamination of the nasal passages with the virus rather than actual infection."
The pandemic broke out near the end of World War I, when wartime censors in the belligerent countries suppressed bad news to maintain morale, but newspapers freely reported the outbreak in neutral Spain, creating a false impression of Spain as the epicenter and leading to the "Spanish flu" misnomer. [9]
Influenza A/H5N1 was first recorded in a small outbreak among poultry in Scotland [74] in 1959, with numerous outbreaks subsequently in every continent. [75] The first known transmission of A/H5N1 to a human occurred in Hong Kong in 1997, when there was an outbreak of 18 human cases resulting in 6 deaths. It was determined that all the infected ...
Dairy industry experts say the virus entered California after local cows were shipped to another state and then returned to California.
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 (A/H5N1) is a subtype of the influenza A virus, which causes the disease avian influenza (often referred to as "bird flu"). It is enzootic (maintained in the population) in many bird populations, and also panzootic (affecting animals of many species over a wide area). [ 1 ]
Last year, the World Health Organization reported sporadic deaths of cats throughout areas where H5N1 bird flu was circulating, including at one location in Poland, where a cluster of 46 died; 29 ...