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An Integrated Solar Combined Cycle (ISCC) is a hybrid technology in which a solar thermal field is integrated within a combined cycle plant. In ISCC plants, solar energy is used as an auxiliary heat supply, supporting the steam cycle, which results in increased generation capacity or a reduction of fossil fuel use.
Cogeneration or combined heat and power (CHP) is the use of a heat engine [1] or power station to generate electricity and useful heat at the same time. Cogeneration is a more efficient use of fuel or heat, because otherwise- wasted heat from electricity generation is put to some productive use.
Electricity generation is the fourth highest combined source of NO x, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter in the US. [ 21 ] According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), low-carbon electricity generation needs to account for 85% of global electrical output by 2040 in order to ward off the worst effects of climate change. [ 22 ]
Load-following power plants can be hydroelectric power plants, diesel and gas engine power plants, combined cycle gas turbine power plants and steam turbine power plants that run on natural gas or heavy fuel oil, although heavy fuel oil plants make up a very small portion of the energy mix. A relatively efficient model of gas turbine that runs ...
Closed-cycle gas turbine schematic C compressor and T turbine assembly w high-temperature heat exchanger ʍ low-temperature heat exchanger ~ mechanical load, e.g. electric generator. A closed-cycle gas turbine is a turbine that uses a gas (e.g. air, nitrogen, helium, argon, [1] [2] etc.) for the working fluid as part of a closed thermodynamic ...
The cyclic light-dependent reactions occur only when the sole photosystem being used is photosystem I. Photosystem I excites electrons which then cycle from the transport protein, ferredoxin (Fd), to the cytochrome complex, b 6 f, to another transport protein, plastocyanin (Pc), and back to photosystem I. A proton gradient is created across the ...
In a normal combined cycle, so-called "waste heat" from the gas turbine exhaust is used in a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) to make steam for the steam turbine cycle. An IGCC plant improves the overall process efficiency by adding the higher-temperature steam produced by the gasification process to the steam turbine cycle.
Large (land-based) electric powerplants built using this combined cycle can reach conversion efficiencies of over 60%. [1] If the turbines do not drive a propeller shaft directly and instead a turbo-electric transmission is used, the system is known as COGES (combined gas turbine-electric and steam).