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A primary pulmonary lobule is the part of the lung distal to the respiratory bronchiole. [29] Thus, it includes the alveolar ducts, sacs, and alveoli but not the respiratory bronchioles. [30] The unit described as the secondary pulmonary lobule is the lobule most referred to as the pulmonary lobule or respiratory lobule.
Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a histologic term used to describe specific changes that occur to the structure of the lungs during injury or disease.Most often DAD is described in association with the early stages of acute respiratory distress syndrome (). [1]
Diagrammatic view of exaggerated pleural space. Cytology of the normal mesothelial cells that line the pleurae, with typical features. [3] Wright's stain.. Each pleura comprises a superficial serosa made of a simple monolayer of flat (squamous) or cuboidal mesothelial cells with microvilli up to 6 μm (0.00024 in) long.
The mesothelium is a membrane composed of simple squamous epithelial cells of mesodermal origin, [2] which forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (pleural cavity around the lungs), peritoneum (abdominopelvic cavity including the mesentery, omenta, falciform ligament and the perimetrium) and pericardium (around the heart).
A pulmonary alveolus (pl. alveoli; from Latin alveolus ' little cavity '), also called an air sac or air space, is one of millions of hollow, distensible cup-shaped cavities in the lungs where pulmonary gas exchange takes place. [1] Oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide at the blood–air barrier between the alveolar air and the pulmonary ...
BALT can be induced even in fetal lungs after chorioamnionitis or intrauterine pneumonia. [2] Also there is an evidence that cigarette smoke can induce formation of BALT in humans and rats. [9] BALT can also occur after other stimuli, e.g. inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis or other autoimmune lung disease or mechanic damage by dust ...
The cells in the respiratory epithelium are of five main types: a) ciliated cells, b) goblet cells, c) brush cells, d) airway basal cells, and e) small granule cells (NDES) [6] Goblet cells become increasingly fewer further down the respiratory tree until they are absent in the terminal bronchioles; club cells take over their role to some extent here. [7]
Histologic specimen being placed on the stage of an optical microscope Human lung tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin as seen under a microscope. Histology, [help 1] also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, [1] is the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues.