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Buddhism first took root in Gandhara 2,300 years ago under the Mauryan king Ashoka who sent missionaries to the Kashmira-Gandhara region following the Third Buddhist council in Pataliputra (modern India). [6] [7] [8] Majjhantika, a monk from the city of Varanasi in India, was assigned by Ashoka to preach in Kashmir and Gandhara.
The Greco-Buddhist art or Gandhara art is the artistic manifestation of Greco-Buddhism, a cultural syncretism between Ancient Greek art and Buddhism. It had mainly evolved in the ancient region of Gandhara , located in the northwestern fringe of the Indian subcontinent .
Gandhara (IAST: Gandhāra) was an ancient Indo-Aryan [1] civilization centred in present-day north-west Pakistan and north-east Afghanistan. [2] [3] [4] The core of the region of Gandhara was the Peshawar and Swat valleys extending as far east as the Pothohar Plateau in Punjab, though the cultural influence of Greater Gandhara extended westwards into the Kabul valley in Afghanistan, and ...
Indo-Corinthian capital were also used in combination with architectural elements, such as Buddhist stupas. One of the best example was excavated and reconstituted at Sirkap . Perhaps the most notable divergence from the western concept of function occurs at Kalawan, Taxila , where a large acanthus capital set on a lotus base was inserted ...
Kushan art blended the traditions of the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara, influenced by Hellenistic artistic canons, and the more Indian art of Mathura. [2] Most of the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara is thought to have been produced by the Kushans, starting from the end of the 1st century CE. [16]
The site is considered among the most important relics of Buddhism in all of what was once Gandhara. [1] The monastery was founded in the 1st century CE, [2] and was in use until the 7th century. [1] The complex is regarded by archaeologists as being particularly representative of the architecture of Buddhist monastic centers from its era. [3]
The Seated Buddha from Gandhara is an early surviving statue of the Buddha discovered at the site of Jamal Garhi in ancient Gandhara in modern-day Pakistan, that dates to the 2nd or 3rd century AD during the Kushan Empire. Statues of the "enlightened one" were not made until the 1st century CE.
The pink sandstone Hindu, Jain and Buddhist sculptures of Mathura from the 1st to 3rd centuries CE reflected both native Indian traditions and the Western influences received through the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara, and effectively established the basis for subsequent Indian religious sculpture. [4]