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  2. Laryngeal consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_consonant

    The laryngeal consonants comprise the pharyngeal consonants (including the epiglottals), the glottal consonants, [1] [2] and for some languages uvular consonants. [3] The term laryngeal is often taken to be synonymous with glottal, but the larynx consists of more than just the glottis (vocal folds): it also includes the epiglottis and ...

  3. RFE Phonetic Alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RFE_Phonetic_Alphabet

    The RFE Phonetic Alphabet, named for a journal of philology, the Revista de Filología Española, 'Review of Spanish Philology' (RFE), is a phonetic alphabet originally developed in 1915 for the languages and dialects of Iberian origin, primarily Spanish.

  4. Spanish phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology

    Second consonant (C 4): Always /s/ in native Spanish words. [102] Other consonants, except /ɲ/, /ʝ/ and /ʎ/, are tolerated as long as they are less sonorous than the first consonant in the coda, such as in York or the Catalan last name Brucart, but the final element is sometimes deleted in colloquial speech. [109]

  5. Glossary of sound laws in the Indo-European languages

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_sound_laws_in...

    Laryngeal consonants are lost between a vowel and any other consonant in pretonic syllables. [13] [14] Examples of this include Proto-Celtic *wiro-(whence Old Irish fer 'man'), Latin vir 'man', and Old English wer 'man', all of which are derived from Proto-Indo-European *wiHró-. If the vowel is long before the process occurs, it is shortened.

  6. List of consonants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_consonants

    1.5 Laryngeal consonants. 1.5.1 Pharyngeal consonants. ... This is a list of all the consonants which have a dedicated letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet, ...

  7. Voiceless alveolar affricate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_affricate

    The voiceless alveolar lateral affricate [t͡ɬ] is found in certain languages, such as Cherokee, Mexican Spanish, and Nahuatl. The voiceless alveolar retracted sibilant affricate [t͡s̺] , also called apico-alveolar or grave, has a weak hushing sound reminiscent of retroflex affricates.

  8. Pharyngeal consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharyngeal_consonant

    Pharyngeal place of articulation. A pharyngeal consonant is a consonant that is articulated primarily in the pharynx.Some phoneticians distinguish upper pharyngeal consonants, or "high" pharyngeals, pronounced by retracting the root of the tongue in the mid to upper pharynx, from (ary)epiglottal consonants, or "low" pharyngeals, which are articulated with the aryepiglottic folds against the ...

  9. Place of articulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Place_of_articulation

    That is, a consonant may be lateral alveolar, like English /l/ (the tongue contacts the alveolar ridge, but allows air to flow off to the side), or lateral palatal, like Castilian Spanish ll /ʎ/. Some Indigenous Australian languages contrast dental, alveolar, retroflex, and palatal laterals, and many Native American languages have lateral ...